210 Field Museum of Natural History — Anth., Vol. VII, 



Of course the iron cross-bar will have had a hole in the center, cor- 

 responding to the pin in the top of the upright, about which the en- 

 tire catillus revolved. 



On the side of the upper stone, beneath one of the shoulders, are 

 the letters PM., that is PMA, perhaps the mark of the maker. 



The third piece of the mill, the large leaden ring in the bottom 

 of the case, served to catch the flour as it fell from between the stones, 

 and stood originally at the level indicated by the change in the color 

 of the lower stone, forming the top of the basis of masonry, in which 

 that stone was imbedded. 



The mills of this form are very plentiful in Pompeii, 1 and prob- 

 ably represent the ordinary Roman type. 



The motive power was supplied by slaves or by quadrupeds. Mills 

 in which the shaft of the catillus was connected with water power 

 are also known to have been in use among the Romans. 2 



Height, m. 1.07 (=42.12 in.). Height of lower stone, about m. 0.74 ( = 29.13 

 in.). Height of upper stone, m. 0.548 (=21.57 in.). Diameter of top (outside), 

 m. 0.49 ( = 19.29 in. ); (inside), m. 0.423 ( = 16.65 i n -)- Rectangular hole in top of 

 lower stone: depth, m. 0.133 ( = 5- 2 5 i Q 0i sides, m. 0.078X0.075. Height of narrow 

 part of interior of catillus, m. 0.13; diameter, about m. 0.095. Rectangular hole in 

 shoulder: depth, m. 0.11; height, m. 0.085; width, m. 0.075 ( an d m. 0.10, 0.08, 0.073 

 respectively). Round holes, diameter, about m. 0.05. Lead ring: width, m. 0.155 

 ( = 6.10 in.) — 0.27 ( = 10.62 in.); thickness, m. 0.003 — 0.005 (estimated). 



There is no indication that the interior of the catillus contained a feed-plate, such 

 as is mentioned by Bluemner, Tech. u. Term. I, p. 27, fig. 4. 



Inscription. See plate CLXII. Cf. C. I. L. X, 8057, 10. Height of letters, 

 m. 0.14. Depth, m. 0.005. They were originally painted red, of which color abundant 

 traces remain. 



1 Mau-Kelsey, op. cit. p. 388. Cf. the illustration, ibid. p. 386, fig. 218; Molesworth, Pompei, p. 75. 

 Vitruvius, x, 5. 



