258 Field Columbian Museum — Geology, Vol. II. 



authors. Thus it appears that, in passing from Utica to Eighteen 

 Mile Creek, a distance of a little less than 200 miles, the beds thin 

 from 1,142 to 76 feet. In the next 130 miles, however, there is com- 

 paratively little change in thickness. 



The Moscow and Bethany localities have been well known col- 

 lecting grounds for many years. H. A. Green* called attention 

 to them as far back as 1866, and still the supply of well preserved 

 fossils is apparently as good as ever. 



Moscow : The outcrop at Moscow, from which the Moscow shale 

 received its name, afforded to the writer its characteristic fauna. 

 Fossils were most abundant at the exposures along the creek on the 

 farm of Mr. W. H. De Forrest (Plate LXXIX) about a mile northeast of 

 town. Another exposure was found about a quarter of a mile north 

 of the station where a creek passes under the railway track, and 

 by following the creek up stream, some brachiopods were obtained. 



Near East Bethany, six exposures were visited. These are indi- 

 cated on the map (Plate LXXX) by the field numbers, B4 to B9 

 inclusive. 



B4 is situated about a mile and a half west of the station at the 

 point where the railroad cuts through the top of the divide between the 

 va ley of the Genesee River, which empties into Lake Ontario, and 

 that o f Tonawanda Creek, which empties into the Niagara River 

 only a short way from Lake Erie. This exposure is about three 

 quarters of a mile in length, and has a depth of, perhaps, 15 feet, 

 where the road crosses it. From this point it tapers down to nothing 

 at each end. This ridge is the highest elevation of land in this 

 locality: Fossil corals and brachiopods are especially abundant 

 here, but many of the other classes of invertebrates are also found. 

 Hypsocrinus fieldi, described! by Frank Springer, and the author, 

 came from this locality. The Encrinal limestone appears at the 

 top of the exposure, so that the shale from which the fossils were 

 obtained is the upper part of the Hamilton shale. 



B5 is situated about a mile southeast from the station at the Peck 

 & Wood tile factory. Here the shale is weathered so that it can be 

 plowed. A layer about a foot thick at the top, is very rich in brachio- 

 pods. Neucleospira concinna is found here, with the hair-like spines 

 preserved. Tropidoleptus carinatus is very abundant and attains 



* Am. Jour. Sci., and Ser., Vol. 41, pp. 121-23. 



t Field Col. Mus. Pub., Geol. Series, Vol. II, pp. 267-271. 



