Social Organization. Government. The Village 363 



guilty party may settle with them by paying in Chinese jars, carabao, 

 or money. The usual payment varies from fifty to one hundred pesos. 

 A thief is compelled to make restitution, and is also subject to a 

 small fine. 



The practice of evil magic, and the breaking of a taboo, are con- 

 sidered serious crimes, but as they have been treated under Religion 

 and Magic, they will not be repeated here. 



Lying, Cheating, Breaches of Etiquette. — Falling outside the 

 realm of law are those things which may be considered right and 

 wrong, but the infraction of which carries with it no penalty. Lying, 

 for instance, is not bad, if it is done to protect yourself or a friend, 

 but falsifying without purpose is mean and to be despised. Cheating 

 is not wrong. Your ability to outwit the other person is proof that you 

 are the smarter man. 



It is bad manners for a man to sit with his legs far apart or to 

 expose all of his clout, or for a woman to sit on the floor with one 

 leg drawn up. A person should not walk about while others are sing- 

 ing or dancing. Basi should never be drunk, until it has been offered 

 to every one present, especially the elders. 



Before eating, a person should invite all in the room to join him, 

 even though he does not expect them to accept. A visitor should never 

 eat with the wife of another during his absence. 



Always call before entering a house. Never enter a dwelling, when 

 the owner is away, and has removed the ladder from the door. 

 Never enter a village dirty; stop and bathe at the spring before going 

 up. Only dogs enter the houses without bathing. 



The Village (Plate XXXVIII). — A village generally consists of 

 two or three settlements, situated near together, and under the authority 

 of a single lakay or headman. There is no plan or set arrangement for 

 the dwellings or other structures, but, as a rule, the house, spirit struc- 

 ture, and perhaps corrals are clustered closely together, while at the 

 edge of the settlement are the rice granaries and garden plots. Form- 

 erly a double bamboo stockade surrounded each settlement, but in 

 recent years these have disappeared, and at the time of our visit only 

 one town, Abang, was so protected. 



The dwellings vary in size and shape. They conform in general to 

 two types. The first and most common is a single room with a door 

 at one end opening off from an uncovered porch (Plate XXXIX). 

 The second consists of three rooms, or rather two rooms, between 

 which is a porch or entry way, all under one roof. There is seldom an 

 outer door to this entry way, but each room has its own door, and 



