Warfare, Hunting, and Fishing 



375 



with the practices of the Kalinga and Igorot people, both of whom 

 preserve the trophy. 



The weapons of the warriors consists* of a spear, head-axe, and 

 shield, and the small bamboo spikes known as soga. They do not make 

 use of the bow and arrow, although they have been credited as possess- 

 ing them. 1 The old men claim it has not been used in their lifetime, nor 

 is mention made of it in the folk-tales. The only time it appears is 

 in the crude weapons used in shooting fish in the rice-fields, and in 

 the miniature bow and arrow, which hang above the heads of a new- 

 born child. 



Bolos, or long knives, are carried at the side suspended from the 



Fig. 7. 

 types of knives. 



belt, and upon occasion may be used as weapons. However, they are 

 generally considered as tools (Fig. 7). 



The head- axe, aliwa or gaman (see Fig. 8).— The axes made by 

 the Tinguian and Kalinga are identical, probably due to the fact that 

 the center of distribution, as well as the best iron work of this region, 

 is found in Balbalasang — a town of mixed Tinguian and Kalinga 

 blood. The blade is long and slender with a crescent-shape cutting 



1 Jenks, The Bontoc Igorot, p. 123 (Manila, 1005); Kroeber, The Peoples 

 of the Philippines (Am. Museum Nat. Hist., Handbook Series, No. 3, p. 165, 

 New York, 1919). 



