28 



two longitudinal rows of indistinct black spots above, beneath 

 with a large black spot, with a yellowish mark in the centre. 

 A pale variety occurred in North Carolina, without the yellow 

 mark. [387] 



Observations. This common and powerful species is found 

 wandering in fields, attacking and subduing very large insects. 

 The female carries her young on her back, which gives her a 

 horrible appearance. If caught or wounded, the little ones 

 escape rapidly in all directions ; but the mother is faithful to 

 her duties, and defends her progeny while life endures. It 

 hides under stones, logs, etc. 



Habitat. Pennsylvania, North and South Carolina, etc. 



4. Lycosa ruricola. 



PL 3, figs. 5, 6. 



Description. Pale or livid testaceous ; cephalothorax with 

 black marks, two large ones at base ; cheliceres black with 

 yellow hair at base ; abdomen varied with black marks and pale 

 dots above, a large black spot underneath ; feet with indistinct 

 livid rings. 



Observations. A male and a female of this species were 

 found with a white spot in the middle of the black one on the 

 venter, but as the marking differed somewhat from the above, 

 they may constitute a different species. They are always 

 found wandering on the ground. 



Habitat. Carolina, Alabama. October, November. 



5. Lycosa saltatrix. 

 PL 3, fig. 7. 



Description. Piceous; cephalothorax with two darker longi- 

 tudinal bands ; abdomen plumbeous or mouse-colored, with four 

 dark points and a pale longitudinal line : legs hairy, with many 

 dart bands. Male inclining to a rufous tinge. 



Observations. This small spider, first found in South Caro- 

 lina, runs about on the ground, the female earning her cocoon 



