SAPINDACE^ 649 



Distribution. Borders of streams; valley of the upper Sacramento River, Men- 

 doeiiio County, California, southward along the coast ranges to San Luis Obispo 

 County, and on the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada to the northern slopes of 

 the Tejon Pass, and in Antelope Valley, Los Angeles County; of its largest size in 

 the canons of the coast ranges north of San Francisco Bay. 



Occasionally cultivated as an ornamental plant in western and southern Europe. 



XXXV. SAPINDACEiE. 



Trees or shrubs, with alternate pinnate petiolate persistent or deciduous 

 leaves without stipules. Flowers regular or irregular, polygamo-dioecious, poly- 

 gamo-monoecious or polygamous ; calyx of 4 or 5 sepals or lobes, imbricated in 

 the bud ; petals 4 or 5, imbricated in the bud; disk annular, fleshy, 5-lobed, or 

 unilateral and oblique ; stamens usually 7-10, inserted on the disk ; filaments 

 free ; anthers introrse, 2-celled, the cells opening longitudinally ; ovary 2-4 or 

 3-celled ; styles terminal ; stigmas capitate or lobed ; ovule solitary or 2 in each 

 cell, anatropous or amphitropous. Fruit a drupe or capsule. Seed usually soli- 

 tary, without albumen ; seed-coat bony, coriaceous or crustaceous. 



Of the one hundred and eighteen genera of this family, which is chiefly con- 

 fined to the tropics and is more abundant in the Old than in the New World, 

 four have arborescent representatives in the United StateSo 



CONSPECTUS OF THE ARBORESCENT GENERA OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Fruit baccate. 



Fruit dark orange-color or yellow, with thin semitranslucent coriaceous flesh ; ovules 

 1 in each cell of the ovary ; leaflets subcoriaceous to coriaceous. 1. Sapiudus. 



Fruit purple, with thick juicy flesh ; ovules 2 in each cell of the ovary ; leaflets mem- 

 branaceous, persistent. 2. Exothea. 

 Fruit a drupe ; leaves 3-foliolate, persistent, 3. Hypelate. 

 Fruit a 3-valved capsule ; leaves 4- or 5-, rarely 3-foliolate, deciduous. 4. Ungnadia. 



1. SAPINDUS, L. 



Trees or shrubs, with terete branches without terminal buds, marked by large 

 obcordate leaf-scars, showing the ends of 3 equidistant fibro-vascular bundles, 

 small globose axillary buds often superposed in pairs, the upper bud the larger, and 

 thick fleshy roots. Leaves equally or rarely unequally pinnate, persistent. Flowers 

 regular, minute, polygamo-dicecious, on short pedicels from the axils of minute de- 

 ciduous bracts, in ample axillary or terminal panicles ; sepals 4 or 5, unequal, slightly 

 united at the base; petals 4 or 5, equal, alternate with the sepals, inserted under the 

 thick edge of the annular fleshy entire crenately lobed disk, unguiculate, naked or 

 furnished at the summit of the claw on the inside with a 2-cleft scale, deciduous; 

 stamens usually 8 or 10, inserted on the disk immediately under the ovary, equal; 

 filaments subulate or filiform, often pilose, exserted in the staminate, much shorter 

 in the pistillate flower; anthers oblong, attached near the base; pistils 2 or 3, united; 

 ovary sessile, entire or 2-4-lobed, 2-4-celled, narrowed into a short columnar style, 

 rudimentary in the staminate flower; stigma 2-4-lobed, the lobes spreading; ovule 

 solitary in each cell, ascending from below the inner angle of the cell; raphe ventral; 

 micropyle inferior. Fruit baccate, coriaceous, 1-3-seeded, usually formed of 1 glo- 

 bose coriaceous carpel, with the rudiments of the others remaining at its base, or of 

 2 or sometimes 3 carpels more or less connate by their bases and then 2-3-lobed: 



