SYNOPSIS 



OF THE FAMILIES OF PLANTS DESCRIBED IN THIS BOOK 



Class I. GYMNOSPERMiB. 



Resinous trees ; stems formed of bark, wood, or pith, and increasing in diam- 

 eter by the annual addition of a layer of wood inside the bark ; flowers uni- 

 sexual ; stamens numerous ; ovules and seeds 2 or many, borne on the face of 

 a scale, not inclosed in an ovary ; embryo with 2 or more cotyledons ; leaves 

 straight-veined, without stipules. 



I. Conif erae (p. 1). Flowers usually monoecious ; ovules 2 or several ; fruit a woody cone 

 (in Juniperus berry-like) ; cotyledons 2 or many ; leaves needle-shaped, linear or scale-hke, 

 persistent {deciduous in Larix and Taxodium). 



II. Taxaceae (p. 97). Flowers dioecious, axillary, solitary ; ovules 1 ; fruit surrounded 

 by or inclosed in the enlarg-ed fleshy aril-like disk of the flower ; cotyledons 2 ; leaves 

 linear, alternate, persistent. 



Class 11. ANGIOSPERMiE. 



Carpels or pistils consisting of a closed cavity containing the ovules and 

 becoming the fruit. 



Division I. MONOCOTYLEDONS. 



Stems with woody fibres distributed irregularly through them, but without 

 pith or annual layers of growth ; parts of the flower in 3's ; ovary superior, 

 3-celled ; embryo with a single cotyledon ; leaves parallel-veined, persistent, 

 without stipules. 



HI. Palmae (p. 102). Ovule solitary ; fruit baccate or drupaceous, 1 or rarely 2 or 

 3-seeded ; leaves alternate, pinnate, flabellate or orbicular, persistent. 



IV. LiliacBce (p. 115). Ovules numerous in each cell ; fruit 3-celled, capsular or bac- 

 cate ; leaves linear-lanceolate. 



Division II. DICOTYLEDONS. 



Stems formed of bark, wood, or pith, and increasing by the addition of an 

 annual layer of wood inside the bark ; parts of the flower mostly in 4's or 5's ; 

 embryo witli a pair of opposite cotyledons ; leaves netted-veined. 



Subdivision 1. Apetal.^. Flowers without a corolla and sometimes with- 

 out a calyx. 



Section 1. Flowers in unisexual aments {female flowers of Juglans and 

 Quercus solitary/ or in spikes) ; ovary inferior {superior in Leitneriacece) 

 wlien a calyx is present. 



V. Juglandaceae (p. 125). Flowers monoecious; fruit a nut inclosed in an indehiscent 

 (Juglans) or 4-valved (Hicoria) fleshy or woody shell ; leaves alternate, unequally pinnate, 

 without stipules, deciduous. 



