ULMACE^ 



289 



Flowers on short pedicels ; fruit naked on the margins. 



Bud-scales coated with rusty hairs ; branehlets destitute of corky wings ; fruit 



pubescent ; leaves ovate-oblong, scabrous on the upper, pubescent on the lower 



surface. 4. U. fulva (A, C). 



Flowers autumnal, appearing in the axils of leaves of the year; branehlets furnished 



with corky wings ; fruit hirsute. 



Bud-scales puberulous ; flowers on short pedicels ; leaves ovate, scabrous on the 

 upper, soft-pubescent on the lower surface. 5. U. crassif olia (C). 



Bud-scales glabrous ; flowers on long pedicels ; leaves oblong to oblong-obovate, 

 acuminate, glabrous on the upper, pale and puberulous on the lower surface. 



6. U. serotina (C). 



1. Flowers vernal, appearing before the leaves. 



1. Ulmus Americana, L. White Elm. 



Leaves obovate-oblong to oval, abruptly narrowed at the apex into long points, 

 full and rounded at the base on one side and shorter and wedge-shaped on the other, 

 coarsely doubly serrate, with slightly incurved teeth, when they unfold coated below 

 with pale pubescence and pilose above, with long scattered white hairs, at maturity 

 4'-G' long, l'-3' wide, dark green and glabrous or scabrate above, pale and soft- 

 pubescent or sometimes glabrous below, with narrow pale midribs and numerous 



p/(;. 2^4 



slender straight primary veins running to the points of the teeth and connected by 

 fine cross veinlets, turning bright clear yellow in the autumn before falling; their 

 petioles stout, \' long; stipules linear-lanceolate, ^-2' long. Flowers on long slen- 

 der drooping pedicels sometimes 1' in length, in 3 or 4-flowered short-stalked fasci- 

 cles; calyx irregularly divided into 7-9 rounded lobes ciliate on the margins, often 

 somewhat oblique, puberulous on the outer surface, green tinged with red above the 

 middle; anthers bright red; ovary light green, ciliate on the margins, with long white 

 hairs; styles light green. Fruit on long stems in crowded clusters, ripening as the 

 leaves unfold, ovate to obovate-oblong, slightly stipitate, conspicuously reticulate- 

 venulose, ^' long, ciliate on the margins, the sharp points of the wings incurved and 

 inclosing the deep notch. 



A tree, sometimes 100-120 high, with a tall trunk 6-ll in diameter, frequently 

 enlarged at the base by great buttresses, occasionally rising with a straight undi- 



