INTR OD UCTION. 3 



lished between 1841 and 1846, the natural history portion being 

 by Hombron and Jacquinot. The New Zealand collections con- 

 sisted of birds, shells, crabs, and beetles. 



In the same year, 1841, H.M.S. Erebus and Terror, under 

 the command of Sir James Ross, visited Campbell Island, the 

 Auckland Islands, and the Bay of Islands, and the zoological 

 results of the voyage were partly published in 1846. This in- 

 cluded the Mammals by Dr. J. Gray, the Birds by Mr. G. Gray, 

 the Fishes by Sir John Richardson, and part of the Insects by 

 Mr. A. White The publication was then interrupted for want 

 of funds, but was completed in 1874, Mr. A. G. Butler taking the 

 remainder of the Insects, Mr. E. J. Miers the Crustacea, and 

 Mr. E. A. Smith the Mollusca. 



By this time the colony had been established in the north, 

 and some of the residents of Auckland collected and sent their 

 specimens to the British Museum. The principal of these were 

 Dr. Greenwood, who collected land shells, and Colonel Bolton, 

 who collected insects. The insects were described by Mr. 

 F. Walker, in his catalogues of the insects in the British Museum ; 

 and the shells partly by Dr. J. Gray and partly by M. Pfeiffer, in 

 the Proceedings of the Zoological Society and the Malakozoologische 

 Blatter, 



During the years 1847-9 H.M.S. Acheron was engaged sur- 

 veying the coast of the islands, and the surgeon, Dr. Lyall, made 

 a collection of Polyzoa, which were described by Mr. G. Busk in 

 his catalogue of the Polyzoa in the British Museum. 



In 1859 the Austrian frigate Novara visited Auckland, and 

 descriptions of the zoological collections were published in 

 Vienna in 1864-9. Unfortunately sufficient care was not taken 

 to keep the New Zealand collections separate from those made in 

 Australia and other parts of the world, and this has led to much 

 confusion. 



H.M.S. Challenger visited Wellington in 1874, and the col- 

 lections, chiefly of deep-sea animals, were described in the well- 

 known series of 'Challenger' 1 Reports. 



In the same year, 1874, the French Transit of Venus Expedi- 

 tion established a station on Campbell Island, and the naturalist 

 of the expedition, Dr. H. Filhol, collected and examined the 

 animals. Subsequently he made a collecting tour in several parts 

 of New Zealand, and the results were published in 1885 in the 

 Mission de Pile Campbell. The anatomy of the penguins, and a 



