24 THE BUILDINC. OK AN ISLAM i. 



CHAPTER 111. 



The Limestone and Maki, Formation oitside ok the Central Slope. 



Having iidw taken a survey of the Central Slope and mastered the main 

 features of its structure, we may pass on to study the remaining portion of the 

 Limestone and Marl Formation, namelv, that which extends itself along the 

 southwestern coast district and around to the western shore. The beds at 

 Windsor and Upper Concordia must be excluded from this new studv, since 

 we have found that thcnigh apparently isolated, they not only dip in the same 

 direction as the rocks of the western edge of the Slope, but extend under the 

 valley so as to be continuous with those rocks; hence they must be regarded 

 as belonging structurallv to the Central Slope. At first sight it would seem 

 that we might suppose the same to be the case with the limestone beds of the 

 Kineshill Rantre. The rocks there, as at Windsor, are continued under the 

 separating valley, and when they appear at Kingshill we might expect them, as 

 at Windsor, to dip also to the southeast; but they do not; instead of that, 

 they dip at a low angle (sav five to ten degrees) towards the south, and in 

 some places even to the west of soutii. 



This change in the dip of the rocks from soutiieast to south across the 

 narrow valley will be found to be worth a closer examination In our study of 

 the Central slope we saw that the synclinal axis passes east of the Barren Spot 

 Village, while just to the west of the village the rock lavers show the south- 

 eastern dip which belongs to the western slope of the synclinal. Vet only a 

 few hundred yards farther to the west (at the old mill on the rising ground 

 across the valley) we hnd the strata dipping to about southwest, and this rising 

 ground, wlierc such is found to be the case, is a jiart of the Kingshill Range. 

 Hence the west slope of the synclinal is at this point reduced to a very narrow 

 strip and in this respect presents a gre;U contrast with its width in the north, 

 where it stretches across from St. John's to Windsor and is a fair balance for 

 the wide eastern slope of the synclinal. 



How i^ that ? Whv is the western slope of the synclinal, which is so broad 

 in the nortiL narrowed down to next to nothing in the south? The answir 

 api)ears to be, that a line of elevation passes down the Barren Spot valley 

 tiirowing the strata on tlie east side to the southeast and the strata on the west 

 side to the soutli, and just here to southwest; it also appears that tliis line of 

 elevation has not affected in the same wav the northern strata at Windsor, but 

 must lie outside of them towards the west. Searching for this line of eleva- 

 tion, called by geologists an anticlinal axis, our thoughts go back to the Mt. 

 Eagle Ridge. We remember how this ridge divides the waters coming from 

 liie noitiurn hills, sending off those on its east side to the nortJi coast and 

 those on its west side to the south coast. We also remember that the ridge 

 lies northwest and southeast, and if we prolong the line of its axis" to the south- 

 east we shall find that this line will pass along the Barren Spot valley; from 

 this vall(\-, in fact, tlie Mt. Eagle Ridge is seen " '.\\(\ on." 



