18. Vessels over 500-gross registered tons (GRT) are considered as high-seas fishing vessels. Vessels between 

 100- and 499-GRT are considered coastal vessels while those under 100-GRT are classified as artisanal or 

 inshore vessels. Unfortunately, this does not always work out, since some vessels in the 100- to 499-GRT 

 range are frequently classified as high-seas vessels. 



19. Based on data as of June 30th. 



20. Report 1991 from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the Common Fisheries 

 Policy, Commission of the European Communities, SEC(91) 2288, Brussels, December 18, 1991. 



21. EC scientists claim that sustainable fisheries require a cod biomass of 150,000 tons and a haddock biomass 

 of 100,000 tons. These scientists claimed that the biomass was 78,000 tons and 81,000 tons, respectively 

 during the years 1989-91. It was stated that at this rate the resource in the North Sea would be wiped out 

 within 5 years. A 40 percent reduction in fishing effort in the North Sea was recommended. Eurofish Report, 

 September 26, 1991. 



22. "Fishing is an economic activity which traditionally offers a poor return on capital. It is at present 

 suffering from over-investment against increasing shortages of raw materials, resulting above all in excess 

 fishing capacity. This situation is exacerbated by the fact that over-investment makes the "fishing race" even 

 keener." Commission of the European Communities, "Report 1991 from the Commission to the Council and the 

 European Parliament on the Common Fisheries Policy," Sec(91) 2288, Brussels, December 18, 1991, p. ii. 



23. Commission of the European Communities, "Report 1991 from the Commission to the Council and the 

 European Parliament on the Common Fisheries Policy," Sec(91) 2288, Brussels, December 18, 1991, p. ii. 



24. This was considerably less than the 120 mm size originally proposed. Eurofish Report, November 7, 1991. 



25. The EC Fishery Minister established a "tie-up" program requiring vessels fishing for cod or haddock in the 

 North Sea and off western Scotland to remain in port for 8 consecutive days each month as a conservation 

 measure for fragile stocks in those areas. Eurofish Report, December 19, 1991. 



26. The authors may be overly optimistic on the chances for success. Namibian waters are clearly of great 

 importance to the EC. The authors believe that the Namibians will become increasingly interested in selling 

 their fishery resources, especially the highly prized hake, in European markets. As stocks gradually recover, 

 the Namibians will become more receptive to EC proposals. The EC have proved themselves to be skilled 

 negotiators with ample funds at their disposal. It would appear that it is only a matter of time before both 

 parties reach an amicable solution and fishing can be resumed. 



27. Authority for the EC to negotiate international fishery agreements on behalf of member states was given on 

 October 30, 1976. A systematic approach to negotiating fishery agreements was outlined in the Common 

 Fisheries Policy enacted in 1983. 



28. The EC approved the agreement with Argentina in September 1993. No information is available on the 

 ratification process by the Government of Argentina. "Ministers Approve EC-Argentine Agreement, Eurofish 

 Report, September 23, 1993, p. BB/3. 



29. "EC agrees grants worth 23 million ECU," Eurofish Report, May 6, 1993, p. BB/1. 



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