processing. '' This agreement was followed by an 

 exchange of letters extending the agreement until 

 February 28, 1990.*° An additional exchange of 

 letters extended the agreement until April 30, 1992.*' 

 The continued agreement permits EC vessels to fish 

 for tuna, cephalopods, and shrimp in Senegalese 

 waters. A percentage of the catch must be landed in 

 Senegalese waters. An $36 million payment was to 

 be made to Senegal in two equal annual 

 installments." An extension to the agreement with 

 Senegal was accepted by the EC Commission on July 

 22, 1993, retroactive to October 2, 1992, and will 

 run through October 1, 1994. The latest agreement 

 permits 79 tuna vessels and trawlers amounting to 

 31,000-GRT to operate in Senegalese waters in 

 exchange for an EC payment of $39 million." 



 Gambia, The: The EC first began discussions with 

 officials in The Gambia in 1984.*^ Negotiations, 

 however, remained stalled until agreement was finally 

 reached in 1987.*" The agreement included 

 provisions for tuna seiners and tuna pole-and-line 

 vessels, fresh fish trawlers, and shrimp trawlers to 

 operate in The Gambia's waters in exchange for EC 

 compensation in the amount of about $3 million.*^ 

 The EC-Gambia fisheries agreement was extended for 

 3 years effective July 1, 1990. Fishing rights were 

 given for 40 EC tuna purse seiners, 17 pole-and-line 

 vessels, and 8 longliners. Licenses were also granted 

 to fresh fish trawlers and to shrimp trawlers. 

 Financial compensation in the amount of $4.7 million 

 was provided in exchange for fishing access.*^ The 

 EC originally reported to its member states that it did 

 not intend to renew the EC-Gambia accord when it 

 expired on June 30, 1993, explaining that few 

 member states took advantage of the agreement.** 

 Spain and Greece objected and the agreement will be 

 extended, although for fewer licenses and at a lower 

 rate of compensation.*' The U.S. Embassy in Banjul 

 notes that 434 licenses were issued by The Gambia to 

 EC vessels between 1985 and 1992. The EC 

 countries receiving licenses to fish in The Gambia's 

 waters included: Belgium (2), France (99), Greece 

 (83), Italy (3), Portugal (8), Spain (237), and the 

 United Kingdom (2).* 



 Guinea (Bissau): The second international fishery 

 agreement signed by the EC with a developing 

 country was with Guinea (Bissau). The agreement 

 was negotiated in July 1979, and was signed on 

 February 27, 1980. The 2-year agreement allows 20 



EC vessels (mostly French and Italian vessels) to fish 

 in Guinea's waters in exchange for a payment of 

 $300 per gross registered ton." The agreement was 

 extended on March 15, 1983, for a 3-year period. 

 The new agreement provides for an annual payment 

 of ECU 1.4 million.'- The agreement was extended 

 for another 3 years in 1986.'^ The renewal permitted 

 45 tuna seiners, 25 pole-and-line vessels, and 6 

 longliners to operate in local waters. An exchange of 

 letters with Guinean officials extended the agreement 

 for an additional 2 years, or through 1991.** This 

 agreement also permitted shrimp trawlers to fish in 

 Guinean waters. A 2-year agreement allowed EC 

 fishermen to continue to fish in Guinea Bissau's 

 waters in exchange for $16 million in grants and 

 other payments." The agreement, from January 1, 



1990, to December 31, 1991, permitted fishing for 

 shrimp, and cephalopods, and reduced the number of 

 EC tuna vessels operating in Guinean waters.* 

 Another extension of the agreement, from June 16, 



1991, to June 15, 1993, was announced in Brussels 

 on October 7, 1991.'^ An additional 2-year extension 

 was announced in 1993 that was valid through 1995.'* 



 Guinea (Conakry): The EC negotiated a 3-year 

 agreement in 1980. The agreement included financial 

 compensation and included EC grants for studies, 

 training, and scientific research in exchange for 

 fishing rights for EC vessels." The EC agreed to 

 make payments worth $9 million in exchange for 

 access. 



 Cape Verde: The EC signed a 3-year agreement 

 with Cape Verde in 1990, allowing 21 tuna seiners 

 and 24 pole-and-line tuna vessels to fish in Cape 

 Verdian waters.'*' Provisions were also made for the 

 operation of two bottom longliners and two 

 experimental cephalopod fishing vessels to operate in 

 Cape Verde's waters. The EC agreed to pay $3 

 million for access rights. 



 Sierra Leone: The first discussions of a possible 

 fishery agreement between Sierra Leone and the EC 

 came during a visit by Sierra Leone's President, 

 Siaka Stevens, to Belgium in 1979."" However, the 

 authors have no record of an agreement until April 

 25, 1990, when a 2-year agreement was initialled 

 allowing licenses to be issued for 46 tuna seiners, 43 

 pole-and-line vessels, and an unspecified number of 

 trawlers fishing for crustaceans, cephalopods, and 

 finfish, as well as demersal longliners, in exchange 



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