28. "EC agrees grants worth 23 million ECU," Eurofish Report, May 6, 1993, p. BB/1. 



29. The following description of the various EC fishery agreements is based upon the press reports gathered by 

 the authors. In some instances, the authors have not been able to obtain complete information from EC and 

 coastal country sources and as a result some of the individual country discussions may not cover all of the 

 agreements and extensions. 



30. The EC has had jurisdiction over fisheries agreement since 1976. 



31. The status of some of these agreements (i.e., with Dominica, Gabon, Sierra Leone and Tanzania) are 

 uncertain. NMFS may have missed a few countries, but believes our numbers to be fairly accurate. 



32. Information that follows was obtained from a number of sources, including: P. De Pasquale, REPORT: on 

 fisheries agreements between the Community and third countries, drawn up on behalf of the Committee on 

 Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, European Parliament, Working Documents, English Edition, WB(VS1)4505E, 

 Document A-160/86, November 26, 1986. 



33. The number of vessels involved exceeds the total number of EC high-seas vessels because many of these 

 vessels are less than 500 GRT, but deployed as high-seas vessels, such as tuna baitboats. Others are EC 

 owned, but based in coastal country ports. 



34. Fishery agreements are widely reported in the European press which the authors follow. The limited 

 number of publications available on African countries and the authors limited access to African press sources 

 has impaired the coverage of EC- African negotiations in more detail. Thus the following country text may not 

 be a complete description of every agreement signed or renegotiated. It does, however, provide a general 

 overview of EC activities in Africa. 



35. The predecessor to NAFO. 



36. Agreement concerning fisheries off the coasts of the United States, with Annexes, February 15, 1977. 

 Signed at Washington, February 15, 1977. Approved by Public Law 95-8, March 3, 1977. Entered into force 

 on June 9, 1977. The United States had previously signed agreements with individual EC members and these 

 agreements were gradually assumed by the EC as the responsible authority. 



37. "The European Community's Fishery Policy," Office for Official Publications of the European 

 Communities, Luxembourg, 1985, p. 54. In 1978, for example, the United States allocated 888 tons of fish to 

 West Germany, 1,493 tons to France, and 4,125 tons of fish to Italy. 



38. U.S. Department of Commerce, Fisheries of the United States, 1990, National Marine Fisheries Service, 

 NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., May 1991, p. 25. The total North Atlantic 

 allocation was 37,000 tons in 1989 and this declined to 9,200 tons in 1990; no EC vessels have fished in U.S. 

 waters since 1989. 



39. "The European Community's Fishery Policy," Office for Official Publications of the European 

 Communities, Luxembourg, 1985, p. 55. 



40. "The European Community's Fishery Policy," Office for Official Publications of the European 

 Communities, Luxembourg, 1985, p. 55. 



41. NAFO replaced the International Convention for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (ICNAF) on January 1, 

 1979. Its members included Canada, the USSR, Romania, the German Democratic Republic, the Federal 

 Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Portugal, Norway, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. OECD, Review of 



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