3.9 



TURKEY 



Turkey has one stern trawler, the Papila /., registering 997-Gross Registered Tons (GRT). The authors have 

 no information about its operations. Turkey is not likely to begin high-seas fishing in distant-waters in the near 

 future. It is, however, likely to fish in areas of the Black Sea and in the Mediterranean where it may come into 

 conflict with other coastal states in the region. 



CONTENTS 



1. General Background 251 



2. Fleet Background 252 



3. Modernization Programs 252 



4. Decommissioning Programs 252 



5. Shipyards 252 



6. International Agreements 252 



7. Fleet Dispersal Plans 252 



Sources 252 



Endnotes 256 



1. General Background 



Turkish fishermen caught 365,000 tons of fish 

 and shellfish in 1991, including 317,000 tons of 

 marine fish and 47,200 tons of inland species. The 

 main species caught were European anchovy (91,000 

 tons), Mediterranean horse mackerel (30,000 tons), 

 mullets (28,000 tons), and whiting (23,000 tons). 

 Carp, tuna, bluefish, sea bream, seabass, mussels, 

 oysters, shrimp, and crayfish are other important 

 species caught by Turkish fishermen. The Turkish 

 catch has declined sharply from the high of 675,000 

 tons landed in 1988. This is the result of dramatic 

 reductions in the harvest of European anchovy 



(Engraulis encrasicolus) since 1988. Most fish are 

 consumed fresh, but some processing does take place, 

 such as canning, smoking, or drying. There are 

 12,000 coastal villages settled on the Turkish coast 

 and along the shores of inland lakes. Fishing is a 

 family tradition employing father and son, typically 

 using a small wooden boat. Turkish fisheries are 

 geographically divided by region: Marmara Sea (927 

 kilometer coastline), Mediterranean (1,577 km 

 coastline). Black Sea (1,695 km), Aegean Sea (2,805 

 km), the Istanbul Strait, and the Canakkale Strait and 

 islands ( 1 ,329 km). ' Turkish fisheries increased from 

 120,000 tons in 1966 to a high of 676,000 tons in 

 1988, before declining to an estimated 360,000 tons 



251 



