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Douglas E. Colton 

 William S. Alevizon 



Department of Biological Sciences 

 Florida Institute of Technology 

 Melbourne, FL 32901 



ANALYSES OF FEEDING IN TWO 



MARINE COPEPODS FROM 



SANTA MONICA BAY, CALIFORNIA 



Understanding the feeding strategies of herbiv- 

 orous, planktonic copepods is an important step 

 in determining how primary production is parti- 

 tioned in coastal marine food webs. The condi- 

 tions under which selective feeding occurs 

 among these animals vary, and are defined both 

 by the species and the environment (Poulet 1974; 

 Poulet and Marsot 1980; Donaghay 1980). 



Although it is desirable to study feeding be- 

 havior in natural zooplankton assemblages, this 

 is often difficult. Identification of phytoplankton 

 in the gut by standard dissection and microscopic 

 techniques is labor intensive, and usually quali- 

 tative. Furthermore, it is impossible to identify 

 many of the soft-bodied organisms which might 

 have been consumed. For this reason, much of 

 the work on food selection in copepods has been 

 restricted to the laboratory, where cultivated 

 foods (Frost 1972) or natural particles (Poulet 

 1978) have been offered to the animals. While 

 such studies have provided valuable informa- 

 tion, they have been limited by the variety of 

 foods which can be offered and by other technical 

 problems (Mullin 1963; Harbison and McAlister 

 1980). Studies employing gut contents analysis of 

 animals collected in the field using gut fullness 

 (Hayward 1980; Huntley 1980) or chlorophyll a 

 fluorescence as an estimate of total phytoplank- 

 ton biomass in the gut (Mackas and Bohrer 1976; 

 Boyd et al. 1980) have answered questions about 

 when and where certain zooplankton feed, but 

 usually provide only indirect data on the kinds of 

 phytoplankton actually ingested. Dagg and Grill 

 (1980) showed that the rate of particle ingestion 

 is often not solely a function of concentration and 

 suggested that food quality may be important in 

 explaining the variability observed in the rela- 

 tion between feeding rate and particle concen- 

 tration. 



To understand the processes involved in food 

 selection it is necessary to determine directly the 

 types of materials in the guts of the copepods be- 

 ing studied. Such an analysis must be capable of 

 detecting soft-bodied phytoplankton as well as 

 diatoms and armored dinoflagellates, and of pro- 

 viding some indication of the relative importance 

 of different taxa in the diet at a given time. We 

 have been especially interested in the importance 

 of the green algae to zooplankton feeding in 

 coastal waters. Information in this area is rela- 



154 



FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 81, NO. 1. 1983. 



