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all except those noted as such in Table 3 were sig- 

 nificant at the 5% level. Travel costs from origin i 

 to site j(TC u ) and the measure of site attractive- 

 ness (Aj) were found to be highly significant de- 

 terminants of participation. The effect of substi- 

 tutes on site visitation depends on their location 

 and attractiveness relative to the site being 

 studied (Burt and Brewer 1971; Cicchetti et al. 

 1976; Dwyer et al. 1977). The negative and statis- 

 tically significant coefficient for TC ik suggests 

 that the sites in this fishery serve as complements 

 for one another and that anglers are drawn to the 

 fishery as a whole instead of to a particular site. 



Economic Value of the Fishery 



Table 4 presents the estimated net economic 

 benefits to New York resident bass anglers for 

 the fishery. Values were estimated for each site 

 and for each species of bass on a per angler day 

 basis and as an annual total. The annual total for 

 each site was calculated by multiplying the value 

 per angler day by the estimated number of an- 

 gling days as given in Table 5. B and C of Table 4 

 show the effect of alternative assumptions about 

 distance and time costs. 



It can be seen that the results vary widely from 

 site to site and with different assumptions con- 

 cerning the monetary component of travel costs. 

 Variation among sites is due to the relative at- 

 tractiveness of the sites, size of population in 

 nearby counties, and other factors affecting visi- 

 tation patterns. These factors affect the willing- 

 ness of anglers to pay for the sites' services and 

 the number of anglers attracted. Highest values 

 per angler day were estimated for St. Lawrence 

 County sites on the St. Lawrence River. At two 

 sites the NEV per angler day for largemouth 

 bass exceeded the NEV per angler day for small- 

 mouth bass. However, due to a greater number of 

 estimated angling days for smallmouth bass at 

 these two sites, the total NEV of the smallmouth 

 bass fishery exceeded that of the largemouth 

 bass fishery for every site. 8 The value of the 

 combined bass fishery at each site is less than 

 the total of the individual smallmouth and 

 largemouth bass values because the fisheries for 



8 It should be emphasized that the total value of the fishery 

 equals the estimated number of angling days at each site times 

 the per angler day value. This assumes that the angler day is 

 entirely attributable to the site's bass fishery. To reduce pos- 

 sible bias from this assumption, the sample population was 

 limited to anglers who fished at one of the five sites and indi- 

 cated that they had spent more than 5% of their time fishing for 

 bass. 



172 



