380 



Fishery Bulletin 91(2), 1993 



hairs on outer margin of endopod 

 and proximal lobe of coxal endite. 



Maxilliped 1 (Fig. 1H) No coxal 

 setae, setation formula of basipod 

 2,2,3,3; endopod 5-segmented, 

 setation formula 3,2,1,2,4+1 (Ro- 

 man numeral denoting subtermi- 

 nal seta); exopod partially seg- 

 mented with 4 plumose natatory 

 setae; endopod barely longer than 

 exopod. 



Maxilliped 2 (Fig. 1 1) No coxal 

 setae; basipod with 1 distal thin 

 spine, armed with marginal 

 spinules plus 1 naked seta and a 

 naked seta in proximal half; 

 endopod 4-segmented, first 3 seg- 

 ments each with distal thin spine 

 armed with marginal spinules 

 plus 1 plumose seta, fourth with 

 4+1 plumose setae; exopod incom- 

 pletely 2-segmented, 4 plumose 

 natatory setae. 



Maxilliped 3 (Fig. 1J) Exopod 

 and endopod undeveloped; exo- 

 pod partially segmented, with 3 

 undeveloped setae terminally; 

 endopod with undeveloped seta 

 terminally. 



Figure 1 



Stage-I zoea of Lopholithodes mandtii: (A) whole animal, right side; (B) carapace, dorsal; 

 (C) antennule, ventral; (D) antenna, ventral; (E) mandibles (left and right), posterior; 



Pereopods (Fig. IK) Poorly de- 

 veloped, without exopods; 1st 

 pereopod bilobed; 5th pereopod arises medially between 

 1st and 2nd pereopods. 



Abdomen and telson (Fig. 1L) Abdomen with 5 

 somites and telson (somite 6 fused with telson); somites 

 2-4 each with 3 pairs of spines, 2 pairs posterodorsal, 

 1 pair lateral, lateral pair longest; posterodorsal spines 

 of somite 2 generally equal-sized; median pair of 

 somites 2-4 strongest; lateral pair on somite 5 long 

 (-1.4 times somite width), pointed, somewhat sinuate; 

 telson margin convex with median cleft and 8+8 pro- 

 cesses (l,i,3-8), 1st an articulated simple spine, 2nd 

 an anomuran hair (i), 3rd-8th denticulate spines, 4th 

 pair longest, about equal to maximum telson width; 

 all articulated with telson; no uropods or anal spine. 



Distinction between L mandtii and other 

 lithodid zoeae 



Stage-I zoeae of L. mandtii are typical of Stage-I 

 lithodid larvae of the northern North Pacific Ocean as 



characterized by Haynes (1984). The morphological 

 characteristics of Stage-I lithodid larvae are: sessile 

 eyes and 4 natatory setae each on maxillipeds 1 and 2, 

 maxilliped 3 undeveloped and without natatory setae, 

 pleopods and uropods absent, telson and 6th abdomi- 

 nal somite fused. Lithodid species with typical Stage-I 

 zoeae have 4 zoeal stages. Thus, L. mandtii probably 

 has 4 zoeal stages also. 



Since the review of lithodid larvae of the northern 

 North Pacific Ocean by Haynes (1984), larvae of 

 Hapalogaster dentata have been described by Konishi 

 (1986) who noted that zoeae of H. dentata are most 

 similar to those of Dermaturus mandtii and can be 

 distinguished from the latter by setation of the anten- 

 nal scale (7 vs. 10 setae) and the absence of a minute 

 subterminal spine on the antennal endopod in D. 

 mandtii. Stage-I zoeae of H. dentata are readily dis- 

 tinguished from Stage-I L. mandtii by the short (<l/4 

 carapace length) posterolateral spines on the carapace 

 and 7+7 telsonal processes. 



