LYCOPERDACEAE 117 



x. Columella cup-shaped; exopericlium areolate 



Cycloderma 7: 56 

 y. Columella obturbinate ; exoperidium splitting into lobes 



Geasteropsis 17:229 

 (b) Hypogaeous ; spores subfusoid Mesophellia 7: 56 

 (2) Peridium stipitate ; columella touching the apex of the peridium 



(a) Peridium splitting longitudinally, or laterally lacerate 

 x. Peridium opening lengthwise by valves 



Chaenoderma 9: 268 

 y. Peridium laterally lacerate Cauloglossum 7:57 



(b) Peridium opening horizontally or circularly 

 x. Peridium opening around the stipe 



Podaxon 7: 58 



y. Peridium opening circularly around the middle 



f Sphaerocybis 7: 60 

 (Sphaericeps) 



II. Peridium typically without a columella, with exo- and endoperidium ; gleba 

 floccose, rarely septate Subfamily Geasterae 



1. Peridium stalked 



a. Inner peridium alone persistent 



(1) Peridium fixed to stipe, with distinct mouth 



Tylostoma 7:60 



(2) Peridium easily separable from stipe; mouth none 



Queletia 7: 65 



b. Both peridial layers persistent 



(1) Exoperidium forming a volva about the stipe 



(a) Endoperidium convex ; spores on upper surface 



Battarea 7: 65 



(b) Endoperidium hemispheric; spores within 



f Podoloma 17: 223 

 (Battareopsis) 



(2) Exoperidium not volvate ; inner peridium with a mouth 



(a) Endoperidium with plicate-sulcate mouth; capillitium copious 



Husseya 7:67 



(b) Endoperidium suspended free in cavity of exoperidium, mouth with 



bright-colored scales Mitromyces 7: 68 



2. Exoperidium sessile, typically stellate-laciniate, containing 1 or more endoperidia 

 a. Endoperidium one 



(1) Spores borne on the inside 



(a) Exoperidium closed Diploderma 7: 92 



(b) Exoperidium opening stellately or circularly 

 x. Exoperidium stellate 



(x) Endoperidium dehiscent, usually by a mouth ; capillitium present 



Geaster 7: 70 



(y) Endoperidium indehiscent ; capillitium none 



Stella 9: 272 



