foreign fisheries. However, additional 

 facilities would be needed to cover the 

 different areas used by domestic fishermen 

 and the additional fishing vessels. (See 

 pages 29 to 31.) 



Techniques To Improve Near-Term Enforce- 

 ment Effectiveness 



Several fairly simple strategies which 

 could be activated almost immediately for 

 enforcement have not been given favorable 

 consideration by the Coast Guard and the 

 National Marine Fisheries Service. Three of 

 these are: 



1) establishment of an efficient reporting 

 system which would allow domestic fisher- 

 men to aid in observing foreign fishing 

 vessels, 



2) more extensive use of observers on- 

 board foreign fishing vessels, and 



3) creation of specific guidelines to be 

 followed in granting annual fishing permits 

 and renewing Governing International 

 Fishery Agreements. (See pages 38 to 42.) 



Extensive use should be made of observ- 

 ers in a dual role: to collect data needed for 

 management of fisheries and to observe 

 fishing operations for enforcement func- 

 tions. A near-blanket program of observers 

 may be necessary for a dependable, cost- 

 effective enforcement program. (See pages 

 38 to 43.) 



Remote-Sensing Systems for Future Enforce- 

 ment Needs 



The cost of most remote-sensing systems 

 is high and it will probably be necessary to 

 share the cost of such systems with other 

 users. However, remote-sensing devices 

 could be expected to improve enforcement 

 by better coverage, better performance, and 

 a reduction of the need for expanding con- 

 ventional ship and aircraft patrols of fishing 

 areas in the future. (See pages 46 to 47.) 



Transponders have good future potential 

 for use in fisheries enforcement. Par- 

 ticularly when combined with Loran-C, 

 transponders can be used to detect, identify, 

 and classify fishing vessels. (See pages 47 to 

 49.) 



New microwave radar equipment has the 

 technical potential to supplement or sup- 

 plant existing airborne radar for fisheries 

 enforcement within the next 10 years, but 

 the cost would be very high. (See pages 50 

 to 52.) 



Over-the-horizon radar techniques have 

 good potential for use in fisheries enforce- 

 ment. However, due to both the classified 

 nature of most of the military work in the 

 field and the high cost, use of this system 

 will be contingent upon close cooperation 

 between the Department of Defense and the 

 Coast Guard. (See pages 52 to 53.) 



Planning Needed for Long-Term Enforce- 

 ment 



It is likely that proposed near-term en- 

 forcement capabilities will not be adequate 

 for long-range demands. Therefore, plans 

 should be made for further improvements 

 in enforcement by use of remote-sensing 

 devices and other advanced technology. 

 (See pages 43 to 45.) 



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