June, 1916] 



Starch in Apple Trees 



357 



The conditions found on January 9th seemed typical for 

 most of the winter months up to March. The remaining four 

 sections show some of the many changes that were found from 

 that time to the unfolding of the leaves. On March 9th occurred 

 the first notable changes. As shown in the table, starch now 

 appears in the bark, which does not agree with the results 

 obtained by Gourley, Bulletin 9, New Hampshire Agricultural 

 Experiment Station, for the ray tissue of the bark appears 

 generally to show starch from this time (March 9) on during 

 the period of observation (June 4) . 



Buds began swelling March 9 and opened on April 24, when 

 the leaves were unfolding. While the buds were not greatly 

 swollen, a great deal of sap was present. Also the grains of 

 starch were generally corroded in the pith, and, to a much 

 less extent, in the xjdem throughout the upper portion of the 

 crown. Twigs on the lower part of the crown indicated less 

 activity, showing scarcely any corroding of starch grains. The 

 first corrosion occurred in the one-year-old wood in the upper 

 portion of the crown. About two days later, the same changes 

 appeared in the lower portion of the crown. The starch began 

 disappearing in the wood parenchyma, then the rays, and 

 finally the pith, in the order named. 



As before mentioned, changes appear first in the one-year-old 

 twigs, then later in the older portions of the branch, as shown in 

 the following table, made from a fifteen-year-old branch^on 

 May 1st: 



