March, 1908.] Two Notable Landslides. 289 



23/2 miles. It is not on rock until more than one half mile from 

 the landslide. Westward along this creek a distance of seven 

 to eight miles, or, about to the crossroads called Cranenest, the 

 tributaries all enter the main creek barbed, as if the latter had 

 been reversed since their courses were established. The altitude 

 of the bed of the stream here is only 830 feet above sea level a 

 depth reached b\- Oppossum Creek about two and one-half miles 

 from the divide. The fact that the streams are on rock so near 

 the divide does not prove that the valley floor here before the 

 landslide was no lower than the bed rock now exposed. It sug- 

 gests that the landslide and accompanying or ensuing aggradation 

 covered the old rock floor, in such manner that, subsequent ero- 

 sion was not directed along the line of the previous axis of the 

 vallev ; but that the streams, cutting through the mantle rock 

 where thev found themselves, have in places, encountered rock 

 at much higher levels. 



The phvsiographic effects of this landslide seem to have been 

 (1) the plugging of a valley several miles below the divide to 

 such an extent that (2) the waters of a southeast flowing stream 

 leading to Oppossum Creek were ponded back and made to rise 

 in a lake and flow over the divide into a branch of Little Mus- 

 kingum now called Cranenest Fork, and thereby (3) the course 

 of a stream for seven or eight miles was reversed, and this much 

 of one creek was removed from its head and added to the head 

 of another. Since the reversal, the col-divide, over which the 

 waters were forced, has been cut down, and the stream now flows 

 out westward by an easy grade ; while to the eastward, the short 

 stream, tributary to Oppossum creek, and thereby,' to the Ohio, 

 is rapidlv endeavoring to push its headwaters back and recover 

 its lost territory. 



OCCURRENCE OF TYPHLOPSYLLA OCTA.CTANUS IN OHIO. 



Herbert Osborn. 



While inany species of fleas are recorded for different mam- 

 mals in America, there have been so far no definite records of the 

 occurrence of anv of these parasites upon bats. A number of 

 species are known in the old world as infesting these mammals, 

 and it has been a matter of some interest here to determine 

 whether our native species of bats were infested by the same or 

 similar species. In July, 1906, I found upon a bat taken at 

 Cedar Point several specimens of a flea which undoubtedly 

 belongs to this genus and which in its main characters agrees 

 closely with the European species named above. There are some 

 points of difterence as compared with a description of that 

 species, especially in the number and arrangement of tenidia, but 



