98 The Ohio Naturalist. [Vol. X, No. 5, 



A typical section for this region may be found about f of a 



mile below. Beside the residence of Amanda Stallman a deep 



ravine exposes the four lower limestones. Well up the hillside 



the Putnam Hill is found with a thickness of 3J feet resting upon 



coal partially exposed. Forty-four feet below its top occurs 



the Howenstein 1 foot, 9 inches thick tougher and much bluer 



than the Putnam Hih. Twenty-one feet, 6 inches below the 



t;op of the Howenstein lies the Upper Mercer in the run bed beside 



'the Stallman residence. It appears to be double here. The 



upper half is 2 feet, 9 inches in thickness, lies 2 feet above the 



lower half, is bluish in color, quite tough and in several layers. 



The character of the two feet between the halves was not seen. 



'The lower half is two feet eight inches thick and in three layers. 



The bottom of the lower half lies 6 feet above water in the Nimi- 



shillen. About 4 feet below water surface lies the Lower Mercer 



in the creek bed. It is clear therefore that the two divisions just 



given is not a close approach of the two Mercer limestones but 



a split of one of them. Nowhere else was this character found, 



but it is suggested in the expression of the two layers as noted at 



Howenstein. It is possible that the limestone seen near creek 



level opposite the North Industry depot is this upper half of the 



Upper Mercer. The Lower Mercer in the creek bed is said to be 



about 1 foot thick and lies 17^ feet below the top of the Upper 



Mercer. A little below, this limestone is seen at the ripple near 



the highway bridge. 



I A short distance below the Stallman ravine and on the oppo- 

 site side a deep ravine joins the gorge at the mouth of which is 

 the tipple of The Nimishillen Coal Company. The mine is a few 

 hundred yards up the ravine and is opened in the coal beneath 

 the Putnam Hill limestone. The coal lies in two benches two 

 feet each with a conspicuous 3 inch shale parting as seen at the 

 lower opening. The limestone is massive, tough, and having a 

 bluish tint where freshly quarried. Two layers are presented 

 here, the lower one 1 foot, 2 inches, and the upper one 2 feet, 

 8 inches in thickness. Crinoid stems and brachiopods comprise 

 the fossils observed. The company has been quaiTying the 

 limestone recently and crushing it for macadamizing. At the 

 upper opening the limestone and coal present the same characters 

 except the lower bench of coal has thickened to two feet nine 

 inches. 



The section begun in the Stallman ravine may be completed 

 here. At the point where the Putnam Hill becomes the ravine 

 floor and on the left hand the steep slope presents every foot of 

 the strata up to a point considerably above the horizon of the 

 Vanport limestone. No definite bed distinctly limestone is found 

 here. But at 37 feet above the Putnam Hill irregular concretion- 



