Mar., 1910.] Pennsylvanian Limestones. 99 



ary masses of 3 to 8 inches thickness and much iron stained 

 respond promptly to acid. These are imbedded in the dark gray 

 sandy shale and would never be noticed were one not looking 

 sharply for the vestiges of limestone. 



Canton. From North Industry up the valley the Putnam 

 Hill is exposed at different places, but the next good exposure 

 occurs at the Imperial Brick Plant in southwest Canton where 

 the shale above and the fireclay beneath this limestone are used 

 in brickmaking. Here the Putnam Hill is 2 feet, 9 inches thick 

 and underlain by 18 inches of coal. 



As nearly as can be determined from a topographic map its 

 elevation is 1075 feet above sea. The hill is high enough to carry 

 the Vanport but it was not seen, arenaceous shale occupying its 

 horizon. 



The brick plant is located on the roadway leading to Navarre 

 and just above the bridge crossing a small creek near the brick 

 plant the Howenstein limestone is exposed in the creek bank 

 5 feet above the stream level. It lies 50 feet below the top of 

 the Putnam Hill or at 1025, is bluer than the upper limestone, 

 and is 1 foot thick. One to four inches of yellow clay and 4 

 inches of coal beneath the clay directly underlie the limestone. 



In his report on Stark County Dr. Newberry constantly refers 

 to the limestone below the Putnam Hill as the "lower limestone " 

 and in reference to certain borings in the vicinity of Canton states 

 that they were begun at about the horizon of the "lower lime- 

 stone" which he reports is visible in places. These borings ap- 

 pear to have been in the vicinity of the above outcrops of lime- 

 stone, and it seems quite certain that his "lower limestone" is 

 the Howenstein. In the well section given it is 1 foot, 2 inches 

 thick. [Ohio Geol. Sur. Vol. Ill, p. 159.] This is quite in accord 

 with the Howenstein as seen near the brick plant. Another 

 stratum of interest, however, appears in the above well section. 

 Twenty-two feet below the top of the above 14 inch limestone 

 is recorded a "Hard Blue Rock" 2 feet and 1 inch thick. The 

 driller does not seem to have known just what to call it, and Dr. 

 Newberry does not seem to have suspected it of being another 

 limestone, which it certainly is. At Howenstein the same inter- 

 val is 22 feet 7 inches, in the Stallman ravine 21 feet, 6 inches. 

 From these facts the identity of these limestones as found in 

 southwest Canton appears to be unquestionable. The "lower 

 limestone" of Newberry, therefore, is the Howenstein, the "Hard 

 Blue Rock" is the Upper Mercer, and the Lower Mercer absent 

 being replaced by shale and sandstone. 



In northwest Canton in the sides of a ravine which enters 

 the West Lawn Cemetery from the west, limestone occurs at 

 about 1090 feet above sea, as nearly as could be determined 



