loo The Ohio Naturalist. [Vol. X, No. 5, 



from topographic map. It was formerly quarried and burned 

 beside the roadway on the west side of the Cemetery. The owner 

 of the land reports the limestone as 4 feet thick and underlaid 

 by about 2 feet of coal. This stratum is clearly the Putnam 

 Hill limestone. 



Middle Branch. In the vicinity of Middle Branch a village 

 about 7 miles north of Canton several outcrops of limestone occur. 

 In fact almost anywhere at the proper horizon where the native 

 strata occur limestone is present. It is often absent but this is 

 due to preglacial erosion and drift now occupies its position in 

 such places. The most extensive exposure of this conspicuous 

 stratum occurs at the quarry of the Diamond Cement Works 

 about a mile north of Middle Branch. This point is nearly 8 

 miles from the outcrop in northwest Canton, but various outcrops 

 from Canton northward show this heavy stratum with its under- 

 lying coal to be the Putnam Hill limestone. The 11 -inch coal 

 as seen in the quarry is heavily charged with sulphur which is 

 typical of it south of Canton. Furthermore a limestone is found 

 above the quarry stratum near the quarry, and the elevation of 

 the limestones here indicates a gradual rise which is quite in 

 harmony with facts fotmd from Howenstein to Canton. It 

 appears quite clear from all the data given that the limestones 

 here to be described are the Putnam Hill and the Vanport. At 

 this quarry acres of the Putnam Hill have been removed for the 

 manufacture of cement and the best opportunity for studying this 

 stratum found anywhere is presented here. It attains a greater 

 thickness here than it is known to have in any other outcrop of 

 its whole extent. The stratum as seen at the present time in the 

 quarry is mostly overlain by drift and shows much scoring by the 

 ice where the top is exposed especially on the north side of the 

 qtiarry. In the center of the quarry a large block of the lime- 

 stone has been left stand temporarily in order that the overlying 

 shale may be used in the manufacture of cement. Practically 

 everywhere else the ice seems to have swept the limestone bare 

 but here in the center IQh feet of brown arenceous shale caps the 

 stratum. The quarry is being extended northward toward the 

 hill and the same shale will doubtless be encountered in a few 

 years. A very striking feature of the limestone is the pronounced 

 undulation found. This is a character, however, common to all 

 the limestones but no other outcrop affords so good an oppor- 

 tunity of seeing it in the Putnam Hill. It is quite evident that 

 such undulation will affect the measurements of sections, espec- 

 ially where the wave crest of one limestone occurs above the 

 trough of another, thus making the strata appear farther apart 

 than they really are, or again if the section be measured where a 

 crest of the lower, and a trough of the upper occur they will 



