Mar., 1910.] , Pennsylvanian Limestones. 125 



and lies at about 884 feet above sea. It is black, tough, very 

 hard, without fossils, somewhat concretionery in appearance, 

 and 6 to 15 inches in thickness. The limestone lies 6 feet above 

 stream level as seen in the cliff and near the middle of a 12-foot 

 black and gray shale. Two thin seams of coal are seen above 

 the limestone, one at 9^ feet and the other at 15 feet above, and 

 seem to hold the horizon of the Quakertown coal. 



The limestone lies 109 feet below the top of the Lower Mercer 

 as seen in the ravine south of the spillway. Nearly 80 feet of the 

 interval between the two limestones is occupied by the heavy 

 sandstone which is very unevenly bedded and in places sinks 

 down cutting out the upper coal. 



Further comment on this limestone will be made in connec- 

 tion with the Lowellville section. 



LOWELL^■ILLE SECTION. 



This village is situated in the gorge, or deep narrow valley of 

 the Mahoning River 1 mile west of the state line. Water level 

 at the Lowellville River Bridge is 807 feet above sea and the 

 borders of the gorge reach 1140 feet above or more. In places 

 the gorge borders are less than 1 mile apart at 300 feet above the 

 river and as would be expected numerous deep ravines trench 

 the steep sides of the valley. 



Furnace Run may be taken as typical of these ravines and as 

 affording a typical section in the vicinit}^ of Lowellville. This 

 ravine lies on the south side of the river and immediately beside 

 the highwav leading south from the village. The mouth of the 

 ravine is seen at the furnaces of The Ohio Iron and Steel Company. 



Ascending this ravine the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian uncon- 

 formity is seen at different places and with hilltops of the dove- 

 colored Cuyahoga more than 100 feet above the river. About 

 200 yards east of the mouth of this ravine a mine is opened in the 

 Sharon coal which lies at 848 feet above sea and lying in a nar- 

 row trough between ridges of the Cuyahoga formation. In the 

 bed of Furnace Run about half-way between the Pennsylvania 

 Railroad and its switch leading to the stone cjuarry the first 

 limestone is found lying at 912 above sea. Further mention of 

 this limestone is deferred to the close of the discussion on the 

 Lowellville section. At the lower end of the culvert under the 

 above switch the Lower Mercer limestone occurs in the ravine 

 bed at 995 feet above sea. It is 2 feet 6 inches thick and a dark 

 bluish-gray in color. A 2-inch coal occurs 2 feet below it and an 

 18-inch bed 13 feet 6 inches below as seen 50 yards below the 

 culvert. The 18-inch coal seems to be the same bed found on 

 Meander and Little Mill Creeks. The limestone is overla in by 

 iron ore. 



UJ LIBRARY Z^j 



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