294 



The Ohio Naturalist. 



[Vol. XI, No. 5, 



ized, monosporanc^iate, and epigynous. The Nymphaeaceae are 

 an intermecliate lateral branch of the Hclobiae. The morpho- 

 logical evidence for this view is overwhelming. There is no 

 reason for separating the Hydrocharitales from the Helobiae as is 

 frequently done, for their morphology and cytology show the 

 relationship conclusively. 



Whether the Spadiciflorac represent more than one subclass 

 may be a question, but they nevertheless show a closer relation- 

 ship among themselves than to either the Helobiae or Liliiflorae. 



Fig. 1. Diagram of the Subclasses of Monocotylas and Dicotylae. 



The^Glumiflorae may be an offshoot from either the Spadici- 

 florae or Liliiflorae. They have thus been placed in a neutral 

 position, in the diagram, between the two. They represent 

 extreme specializations as indicated by the numerous vestigial 

 structures. 



The main families of the Liliiflorae make a natural group 

 extending from the Liliaceae to the Orchidaceae. The Liliales 

 may need some further rearrangement from that indicated below, 

 but it is not considered advisable to separate them into two orders 

 as is frequently done. 



In the Dicotylae the problem of classification is, of course, 

 much more difficult than in the Monocotvlae, because of the far 



