Nov., 1911.] Life-Histories of Syrphidae II. 403 



remain essentially as in the larva viz., the appendage is longer 

 than in P. bicolor the tubes slightly divergent at the tip and the 

 spoon-shaped spine at their tips longer; the segmental spines as a 

 whole are shorter, the dorsal ones in segments 6-11 becoming 

 inconspicuous or entirely invisible. 



Pupa from the larva taken at Lakeville, Ohio, June ISth, was 

 formed June 23. Pupae were common in the field at Kelley's 

 Island, July 8. They were taken at Sandusky, Ohio, August 2. 

 Duration in the pupal stage was from 5 to 11 days. Pupation is 

 accomplished within the hardened larval skin. The posterior 

 part especially flattens out on the surface of the leaf becoming 

 glued fast to it while the anterior end becomes inflated, the head 

 segments being retracted ventrally. 



For the emergence of the pupa the operculum splits off usualh^ 

 between larval segments 5 and 6 dorsally and jtist back of the 

 mouth-parts ventrally. The adult emerges with wings crumpled 

 and a conspicuous U-shaped loop in the costal margin about the 

 temiination of the first longitudinal vein. The wings expand and 

 harden in an hour or so and the fly is ready for flight. 



Adults have been taken from the tenth of May to the latter 

 part of August more often in the flrst half of June and the first 

 half of August. They are flower feeders but found most com- 

 monly in deep meadowy wooded spots hovering in the sunlight or 

 may be taken by beating. 



Adidt. 



Paragus tibialis (Fallen). 



cf 9 Length 3 to 5 mm. Antennae nearly as long as the 

 head, blackish brown varying to yellowish brown on parts. Face 

 light yellow pilose ; yellow on the sides with a broad median black 

 band from antennae to oral margin; projecting below and with a 

 distinct tubercle above the oral margin (Fig. 37). Front in 

 female black, with black pile of nearly equal width throughout 

 (Fig. 38). Frontal triangle in male yellow, vertical triangle large, 

 black, yellowish pilose at the apex, elsewhere the pile darker. 

 Eyes pilose, the pile not massed in tivo vertical stripes, dilute. 

 Thorax entirely greenish-black, shining, with yellowish pile. 

 No yellow on the scuteUum. Legs light yellow, black on the base of 

 the femora; the hind femora all black except at the tip. Wings 

 hyaline slightly tinged with grayish. 



Schiner in Fauna Austrica cites several varieties separated on 

 the color of the abdomen. The ones I have reared from larvae 

 :show the following abdominal markings : In the male the first and 

 second segments are black, the following ones reddish brown 

 with some black, whitish yellow pilose. In the female entirely 

 .greenish-black like the thorax with more or less whitish pile. 



