486 The Ohio Naturalist. [Vol. XII, No. 5, 



well developed, the eyes pale but full sized, the facets faintly 

 marked. The ocelli are white, rounded projections. The anten- 

 nse full-sized but colorless, bent ventrally, arista pale extending 

 laterally. The thorax is hardly fully expanded, pale fleshy, the 

 vestiture very faint. A decided flexure at the junction of thorax 

 and abdomen throws the scutellum beneath the anterior part 

 of the abdomen. 



The mouth-parts are short, thick, fleshy cjdinders. The eyes 

 approach each other at the lower part of the head more closely 

 than in the adult. The legs are definiteh^ segmented and of 

 definite outline the vestiture and claws pale. The femora extend 

 antero-laterally, the fore and middle tibiae and tarsi postero- 

 medially parallel to the femora. The hind tibi« however develops 

 a strong flexure (Fig. 52, a). This leg is bent up under the wing- 

 pad and back, the tarsus projecting to the tip of the abdomen on 

 the median ventral line. The tibia is bent beyond the middle at 

 an angle. of 150° thus shortening the extent of the leg posteriorly. 



The wings are pale and fleshy but show the de\-elopment of 

 the adult venation. There is a prominent U-shaped loop about 

 the middle of the costal margin and the rest of the wing is very 

 much crumpled and folded. 



In a later stage (Fig. 54) very shortly before emergence, the 

 dark reddish-brown color of the eyes and the black and yellow 

 banding of the abdomen showed clearly; the vestiture was well 

 developed and the shape and segmentation that of the adult with 

 the following exceptions: The scutellum is broader and flatter 

 than in the adult condition, the thorax flesh}', without any of the 

 adult coloring, but with the \'estiture well developed, showing 

 three longitudinal bands. The mouth-parts are fleshy, flattened, 

 unextended. Wings much as in the earlier stage but with hairs 

 on the margin, veins black. The two wing membranes are not 

 apposed and much corrugated, blue-gray in color. 



Since the generations are considerably confused during any 

 season, the date of pupation can be stated only in a general wa}^ 

 This ma^' be inferred from the dates given for the occurrance 

 of the larvte. In experiments indoors from the flrst eggs deposited 

 in spring, I secured pupas on May 22. AVinter is sometimes 

 passed in the pupa stage but whether this is the only method of 

 wintering I cannot say. 



This stage is for the most part passed in the same location as 

 the larval. I have found puparia glued by the posterior segment 

 to leaves of cabbage and among flower- and leaf -axils of Rumex 

 crispus. Some of the specimens kept on potted cabbage, were 

 found as pupa? buried under a half inch or more of the soil in the 

 pot. The puparium becomes very hard and more or less impervious. 



