56 The Ohio Naturalist. [Vol. XIII, No. 3, 



THE VIOLETS OF OHIO. 



Rose Gormley. 



The following list includes all of the violets known to occur in 

 Ohio. It is probable, however, that a number of others occur in 

 the state. The distribution given is based on material in the 

 Ohio State Herbarium. In this list an attempt has been made to 

 arrange the species in true phyletic series, the least specialized in 

 each group standing at the beginning and the most highly 

 specialized at the end. 



Violaceae. 



Small herbs, with bisporangiate, hypogynous, zygomorphic, 

 axillary, nodding flowers and alternate, simple or lobed stipulate 

 leaves. Sepals, petals and stamens 5 each; anthers erect, introrse, 

 connivant or synantherous ; ovulary of 3 carpels, unilocular with 

 3 parietal placentae; lower petal enlarged usually with a spur; 

 fruit a loculicidal capsule; seeds anatropous, with endosperm, 

 embryo straight. 

 1. Sepals not auricled, stamens united, petals nearly equal. 



Cubelium. 

 1. Sepals more or less auricled at the base, stamens distinct, 

 lower petal spurred. Viola. 



Cubelium. 



Perennial, erect, leafy stemmed herb, the leaves, entire or 

 obscurely dentate; small greenish flowers, one to three together in 

 the axils, petals nearly equal, the lower somewhat gibbous; anthers 

 sessile, completely united into a sheath, glandular at the base. A 

 monotypic genus of North America. 



Cubelium concolor. (Forst) Raf . Green Violet. Plants 1 — 2^ ft. 

 high, hairy; leaves 2 — 5 in. long, entire, pointed at both ends. 

 Auglaize, Belmont, Brown, Clemiont, Fairfield, Franklin, Hamil- 

 ton, Lake, Licking, Noble, Pike, Shelby, Warren Co. 



Viola. 



Herbs ^^•ilh aerial leafy stems, or geophilous stems; flowers 

 solitary or rarely 2 in the axils, early flowers petalifcrous, often 

 sterile, usually si:ccceded by apetalous, cleistogamous flowers 

 which produce abundant seed; the two lower stamens bearing 

 spurs which project into spur of the odd petal; capsules, three 

 valved, elasticallv dehiscent. 



