BY G. I. PLAYFAIR. 487 



los^im Roy & Bisset (Jap. Desm., f.7); which is another variant 

 of this species. 



Var. BiFARiUM(iS"ord.) forma. (Pl.xii., f.18). 



Forma angulis lateralibus in processum brevem productis; pro- 



cessibus(si)inisve) sublateralibus inter angulos et apicem superne 



positis. Membrana punctato-scrobiculata. Long, c.proc. 25-38, 



sj.proc. 25-30; lat. c.proc.30-36, s.proc.24-26; ap.12-14; isth.lO-12/i. 



Guiklford(60). 



Specimens of long.2o-28/Li, are those in which the apical pro- 

 cesses are very short, hardly projecting above the apex. The 

 processes, which in Nordstedt's form are on a level with the 

 lateral angles, are here situated higher up, projecting above the 

 sides in front view; but as the semicell develops, they grow out 

 more and more horizontally, and descend gradually to the level 

 of the lateral processes. 



St. ToJiopekaligense Wolle,(c/^. W. & G. S. West, Frw. Alg. Ceyl., 

 p.181, P1.21, f.27)is amore fully developed form of var. hifarium. 

 The shape of the body is that of St. orbiculare var. muticum, and 

 the size exact(36 x 27, isth.9-5). Thei-e is, of course, no specific 

 characteristic in the length of the processes — it stands to reason 

 that they grow longer; nor is the number of spines of any value; 

 it is just as easy for a third and fourth to develop as it was for 

 the first two. 



Var. FORFicULATUM(Lund.) forma. (Pl.xii., f.20). 



Forma minor, verrucis basalibus et processibus utrinque ad 

 angulos deficientibus. Membrana punctato-scrobiculata. Long, 

 c.proc. 34, s.proc. 30-32 ; lat. c.proc. 36, s.proc. 28-30 ; ap. 14 ; 

 isth. 10-16/i. 



Guildford(60, 114). 



Ya.v. forjiciilatum is a collateral variation with var. hifarium 

 in this line of development. In the latter the apical processes 

 develop at the expense of the others, while in the former it is 

 the lateral processes that do so, the others being reduced (for the 

 time) to mere bifid verrucje. Lundell's end-view does not seem 



