Figure 13. An illustration of the dynamic inclined plane skimmer in operation. 



OLEOPHILIC SKIMMERS 



Oleophilic skimmers are operated on the principle of oil absorption. 

 The term "oleophilic" means a strong affinity for oil. Almost all of the 

 oleophilic components of this type of skimmer have the characteristic of being 

 hydrophobic, or water-resistant. The common denominator of all oleophilic 

 recovery devices is the passing of the "absorbing" material continuously through 

 the spilled oil. The oil adheres to the surface and is removed from the water. 

 At this point, the oleophilic member is wiped or squeezed by rollers on blades 

 and the oil is deposited in a reservoir. The product in the reservoir is 

 then pumped into some type of holding container. 



Oleophilic skimmers are the most sophisticated recovery devices available 

 today, usually employing several different mechanical systems, which require 

 varying levels of preventive maintenance and highly trained operators for 

 use. 



The rotating disk, or drum systems, as shown in Figure 14, are noted 

 for very efficient recovery of oil in deeper water where little or no debris 

 is present. Available in various sizes, the large models normally require 

 extensive logistic support. 



The most widely used oleophilic skimmers are of the belt and rope type. 

 These devices operate very efficiently in both thick and thin slicks, and are 

 usually capable of recovering sheens. Their ability to remove oil mixed with 

 small amounts of debris remains almost as efficient as debris-free environ- 

 ments. 



Because oleophilic belt skimmers require the use of some sort of vessel 

 for staging and employment, they are difficult to operate in close quarters 

 or in shallow water. Figure 15 shows a typical "continuous belt" installation. 



The oleophilic rope employs the same basic principle as the "belt"; i.e., 

 a continuous process of "absorption" by the oleophilic component, squeezing 

 by a roller or wiper system, and reentry into or upon the oil in the water. 



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