784 ON THE VOLCANO OF TAAL, 



220. Phyllanthus niruri, L. There are numerous species of 

 this large genus containing trees, shrubs, and herbs, throughout 

 the East. They are well represented in the Philippines, but as 

 yet there has not been sufficient botanical exploration in the 

 islands to fix the number of species. 



221. Phyllanthus llanosii, Miiller. 



222. Phyllanthus urinaria, L. 



223. Phyllanthus simplex, Retz. 



224. Phyllanthus reticulatus, Poir. 



225. Securinega obovata, Miiller. A leaf-shedding large 

 shi'ub, common in the grassy jungles near water all over the East 

 from India to the Philippines. Genus in omnibus Phyllantho 

 convenit, excepto ovarii rudimento in fi. mas. evoluto. Gen. 

 Plant. Benth. et Hook. III. 276. 



226. Breynia cernua, Miiller. A glabrous shrub spread over 

 tropical Asia and part of Australia. 



227. Antidesma gh^sembylla, Gsertner. This is another 

 widely diffused Asiatic species of shrub or small tree extending to 

 Australia and China. 



228. Antidesma bunius, Sprengel. A small evergi-een tree ; 

 same observations as in the case of the last. In Macassar this is 

 called Buni-kirbau, in Tagalo Binaguyo. The fruits are eaten 

 raw or cooked with fish. 



229. Jatropha CURCAS, L. Tagalo,Tuba; Malay, Balechei-paggar; 

 Thin-baur-kye-ksu, Burmese. An evergreen small tree, universally 

 cultivated as a hedge tree round gardens and villages in Burmah, 

 Malaysia and the Philippines. The capsules are tri-coccous, the 

 size of a large cherry, with large ellipsoid seeds. It is a native 

 of tropical America, now cultivated in all warm countries for its 

 seeds, which yield an oil like castor- oil with violent purgative 

 qualities. It is called Olium Infernale in the Dutch shops in 

 Java. It is employed not only medicinally but principally for 

 lamps \ in fact, in Java until kerosene came into general use, as it 



