BY WALTER W. FROGGATT. 377 



the base, tapering to a minute apical orifice at the tip; walls of 

 chamber thick at the base, but thin towiifrds the extremity. 



When the branches are slightly infested the galls are large and 

 regular in form, varying from pale green to brown, but when 

 numerous they twist the foliage and twigs into an irregular mass 

 as large as a man's head, and tinted with red and brown. 



2- Coccid a minute pear-shaped creature, purplish-brown, semi- 

 transparent at the apex, legs and antennae indistinct. 



Second Stage. — Similar in colour, broad at base, lobed on either 

 side, with the abdominal segments tapering to the tip; cephalic 

 segment folding over in front, above the small yellow antennae : 

 thoracic segments of uniform length; fore legs distinct, mid and 

 hind pair minute; first six abdominal segments of uniform length, 

 rounded on the sides, 7th to 9 th longer, not so deeply constricted 

 at the sides, anal ajapendage forming a lance-shaped tip, with the 

 outer margins finely serrate. 



5. Adult a black irregular rounded mass, ridged on the sides, 

 the remains of the abdominal segments forming a series of rings 

 round the conical-pointed anal appendage standing upright in the 

 centre. 



(J. Gall from l^ lines to much smaller; smooth, blunt cylindrical 

 tubes, broadest at the base, often brightly tinted with red or pink, 

 produced upon the leaves and often growing in a regular row 

 reducing the foliage to miniature leaves : opening on the under 

 surface of the leaf covered with a white silken skin protecting the 

 enclosed male pupa. 



^. Coccid brown, testaceous, with ochreous tints upon the 

 abdomen : antennte of the latter colour O-jointed; 1st joint oblong, 

 large; 2nd-8th long, rounded at the extremities; 9th shortest of 

 all, fringed with long hairs; head broad; eyes large, black, pro- 

 jecting; thorax broad, with the pronotum large, rounded, convex, 

 broadest in centre of thorax; wings opaline, broad in proportion 

 to length, and rounded at the tips; costal and subcostal nervures 

 thick; legs slender, coxse large, thighs short and stout; tibiae 

 cylindrical, long; tarsi very hairy. Abdomen broad at the base, the 

 segments of uniform length; anal one bell-shaped, armed with a long 

 flexible penis, as long as the combined segments of the abdomen. 



