MAMMALOGY OF THE HIMALAYAS. Ixxill 
and Dr. Royle has figured (tab. 5, fig. 1) a female under the name of C. Dodur, by which it is known 
about Saharunpore. He describes it as being about the size of the female Hirn (Antilope cervicapra), 
lighter and more graceful than the Hog-deer, and of an ashy brown colour ; but this is all I know of the 
animal, nor do I find it even mentioned by any other writer. It appears to be unquestionably a new 
species, and is well worth the attention of Indian naturalists. 
Of the Muntjac tribe of deer, I am acquainted with three distinct species inhabiting the Indian con- 
tinent : one entirely black (C. melas), one of a light sandy fawn colour, probably the Ratwa of the 
Nepalese (C. ratwa, Hodg.), and the third the common Muntjac, called Kacker by the natives, and 
Barking Deer by the Europeans (C. Muntyjac, Lin.), of a deeper bay and much smaller size than the 
Ratwa: the former is scarcely the size of the Roe-buck (C. Capreolus) ; the latter nearly equals the 
Fallow Deer (C. Dama, Lin.) Dr. Royle has figured the “ Barking Deer” of the North Western 
Himalayas, v. tab. 5, fig. 2, under the name of Cervus Rutwa, conceiving it to be identical with Mr. 
Hodgson’s species. Al] these animals may be readily distinguished from the other species of Deer, by 
their long projecting tusks, horns mounted upon Jong bony pedicles, and the glandular folds of skin on 
the forehead. They require, however, to be more attentively examined, and compared with one another. 
Of Hollow-horned Ruminants, the Ghoral and Thar (Antilope Ghoral and A. Thar), are now pretty 
well known from the researches of Mr. Hodgson, who has set a praiseworthy example to our Indian 
countrymen, by the laudable zeal with which he perseveres in illustrating the Zoology of Nepal. Both 
these species are proper to the middle and northern regions of the Hills. The Thar of Mr. Hodgson is 
universally called ‘row and Imoo in the more western parts of the Mountains, the latter name predo- 
minating in the higher, and the former in the lower hills: the name of Thar, according to Lieut. Smith, 
is there applied exclusively to the species of goat which Mr. Hodgson calls the Jharal. That beautiful 
and stately antelope, the Chiru (A. Hodgsonii), of which our knowledge is entirely due to Mr. Hodgson’s 
researches, is confined to Bhot, Thibet, and the surrounding countries; it appears to be altogether 
unknown on the southern face of the Mountains, except from an occasional specimen imported by the 
traders, either for presents or barter. The common Indian antelope, called Hirn, and the Chickarra, or 
four-horned species (4. cervicapra and quadricornis), are confined to the lower hills and forests, and the 
Neel-ghau (A. picta) principally to the plains and jungles of the north-western districts. Mr. Colebrooke 
says that, in the opinion of the Hindoos, the resort of the Antelope sanctifies the countries graced by 
his presence, while his absence degrades the regions which he avoids. This seems more connected with 
physical observation than with popular prejudice. The wide and open range in which the Antelope 
delights is equally denied by the forests of the mountain and by the inundation of the fens.* These are 
the only antelopes of which we have any precise knowledge, as inhabitants of this part of India; but it is 
probable that others still remain undescribed. Capt. Herbert,+ in his “ Tour to the Sutlej,” mentions two 
animals by the names of Skin and War, the accounts of which do not agree with any known species, and 
which are therefore well worth the attention of future observers. The War, according to Capt. Herbert, — 
is somewhat like the Musk Deer (Moschus Moschiferus), but with a face more like that of a sheep, 
divided hoofs, and horns more nearly resembling those of a buffalo than of any other animal; a deserip- 
tion which, in spite of the similarity of names, is inapplicable either to the Thar or Jharal, though 
indeed, little dependence is to be placed in the descriptions of unscientific observers. 
The Neel-ghau deserves a more particular notice, for the purpose of clearing up a point in its bisecoys 
equally interesting to the Classical Scholar and to the Zoologist. It has been already observed that 
Modern Naturalists, after the example of Baron Cuvier, have identified the great Saumer Deer of India _ 
with the animal which Aristotle describes by the name of Hippelaphus. ‘“ The Hippelepars, “says the | 
aire 
* Colebrooke on Bengal Husbandry, t Asiat. Reseex¥s5 90%. > 
