THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS, 41 
between the latter mountains and the Kuen-lun, makes up by elevation for its more 
southern latitude. It is sufficient at present to mention Zauscheria desertorum; Biebers- 
tenia odora, Lsopyrum. grandiflorum, and: Dracocephalum Sibiricum,, as. \species ‘common 
to these two countries; and.that.among other European plants found on the northern 
slope of the Himalayas, we have Hyoscyamus niger, Lithospermum. arvense, Myosotis 
palustris, Lamium, amplexicaule; Prunella vulgaris, Samolus Valerandi ; with Datisca 
cannabina,; Cuminum Cyminum, and Scutellaria orientalis, found’ in more southern. lati- 
tudes, Several also. of the new species of Himalayan plants, especially those found 
on such sites.as Kedarkanta and Peerpunjal, are also found. along this.tract, though 
the vegetation resembles the Siberian rather than the Himalayan. Flora; and this. most 
probably is also the case along the whole extent of Tibet, as many of the phenomena 
of climate, general appearance, and productions, are the same in the account of. Messrs; 
Turner and Saunders’ visit to Teshoo-lomboo, — b ofidnigoa'y | 
The plants of Kunawur have generally a dry sombre aspect, few leaves, and, those 
small, frequently inserted in a cluster round the root, from the centre of which rises 
the scape of generally large and showy flowers. The petioles. not: undergoing decom- 
position, from the dryness of the climate, remain attached. round the plant, and as 
they become: pushed .outwards by the growth of internal parts, the .cellular parts are 
destroyed, while the fibrous remain, and protect the root, as with a covering of hair, from 
the severity of the weather. One peculiarity is remarkable, and that is, the resemblance 
externally between the plants of this cold region and those of the desert-like country 
near Delhi; but this is observable only in the parts of vegetation, and not in those of 
fructification, for in the cold climate the flowers are large and showy, and in the hot, 
small and inconspicuous: in both the shrubs are stunted, thorny, and frequently hairy ; 
the wood scanty, hard, and: compact; while the surface of each is dry, and of an ash 
grey or pale green colour. The only similarity in climate is, that in each there is great 
dryness of the atmosphere ; the resemblance therefore is probably dependent on pecu- 
liarity of the transpiratory surface. Capparis and Sa/sola are almost the only genera 
common to both situations; the latter evidently owing to the soil of each PENG. covered 
with saline efflorescence. 
Among the animals which inhabit this cold and arid region, ‘the heshinosene tribes : are 
particularly conspicuous, for number, variety, and flourishing condition, notwithstanding 
that the country appears barren of vegetation; but the grasses belong to the genera 
which furnish the best pasturage grasses of Europe, and the Astragali afford legumes, 
which must be as nourishing as peas and beans. The Tiger is mentioned by Mr. 
Hodgson as extending his wanderings to the neighbourhood of the snow, and by Mr. 
Moorcroft has been traced as far as Khoten, nearly as far nortli as by Ehrenberg. 
The Tibetan Dog is remarkable for his size and fierceness. Hares are common, and 
most likely also the Pika, as Moorcroft compares his Marmots to young Hares; and 
Captain Turner mentions seeing Rats without tails. The Tibetan Musk is of course a 
native; Antelope Hodgsonii and A. thar., the latter allied to the Chamois, are aiso found, 
G while 
