64 ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BOTANY OF [ Podophyllec. 
added. Under B. aristata, I conceive two species, or at least two such very distinct 
varieties haye been included, as to require particular notice. These are distinguished 
by the natives, apt to confound things together, by the names kushmul and chitra.. The 
former, growing at as low elevations as 3,000 feet, and therefore easily acclimated in the 
plains of India, has the leaves and branches paler coloured, more thorny, flowers nume- 
rous, racemes erect, appearing earlier in the season and having less pleasant tasted fruit ; 
while chitra, which I conceive to be the true B. aristata, and have not found below 5,000 
feet of elevation, with brownish-coloured branches, smooth, shining, almost entire leaves, 
each flower much larger than those of kushmul, though less numerous, on each of the 
drooping racemes. The fruit of this species, as well as that of B. Nepalensis, is dried as 
raisins are in the sun, and sent down to the plains for sale. 
1. Berberis aristata ; D.C. Syst. Veg. 2. p. 8. spinis infimis 3-partitis superioribus simplicibus com- 
pressis basi vix bidentatis, foliis 46 fasciculatis viridibus obovatis oblongisve nitidis basi attenuatis 
integerrimis spinuloso-dentatisve, racemis 15-floris nutantibus folio longioribus, pedicellis seepe trifidis 
trifloris, squamulis rotundatis, ovariis subpilosis, baccis oblongis utrinque acutis—B. aristata; D.C, 
Syst. Veg. 2. p. 8. Prod. 1. 108, Wall. Cat. N. 1474 ex parte. B. chitria, Don Prod. Fl. Nep. 204- 
Hooker Ex. Flora t. 98. 
Hab. Jurreepanee to Mussooree and Choor Mountain 5,000 to 8,000 feet of elevation ; flowers in 
May. Hill-name Chitra. 
Arab. Amburbarees ; Pers. xirishk ; wood—dar-huld and dar-chob. Extract hoozizx. Hind. rusoé. 
2. B. Lycium; spinis 3-partitis conicis, foliis 5-8 fasciculatis pallidis coriaceis venosis oblongis 
lanceolatis v. obovatis basi attenuatis mucronatis, marginibus spinuloso-dentatis v. integris, racemis 20- 
floris erectis patulis demum (fructificatione) pendulis, pedicellis longis simplicibus, floribus parvis, squa- 
mulis lanceolatis, ovariis glabris tetraspermis, baccis ovatis utrinque obtusis.—B. floribunda. Wall. Cat. 
1474? Kemaon. An B. angustifolia. Roxb. FI. Ind. 2. p. 183? 
Hab. Rajpore to Mussooree, or from 3,000 to 7,000 feet of elevation; also from Nahn to Choor; 
flowers in April. Hill-name Kushmud, chiefly employed in Gurhwal and Sirmore for making rusot. 
8. B. Kunawurensis ; spinis tripartitis foliis subsquantibus, foliis internodiis longioribus 4-5 fas- 
ciculatis ovato-lanceolatis mucronatis spinoso-serratis, summis integris, panicula sepe foliosa foliis 
duplo longiore suberecta, pedicellis 3-v- — bracteolis subulatis. 
' Hab. Kunawur. 
7. PODOPHYLLEZ. 
_ The Podophyliee, from which have been separated the Hydropeltidee, were considered 
to be entirely an American family; but Dr.Wallich’s Podophyllum Emodi, and another 
species, have shown that this is a family well calculated to indicate the analogy between 
the Flora of the Himalayas and that of North America. P. peltatum extends in the latter 
from 35° to 45° of N. lat. P. Emodi was found by Dr.Wallich i in Nepal and Kemaon, 
and by myself on the Choor Mountain, at an elevation of 10,000 feet, whence it extends 
to Cashmere. The second species, which I found on Kedarkanta, at an elevation of 
12,000 feet, in a moist and shady situation, in company with a species of Trillium, I have 
called P.hexandrum ; ; it differs in having only four petals, and six stamens, the leaves 
3 or 5-lobed, with the lobes narrow acute and serrulate towards the apex. The number 
of stamens of this species makes it correspond with the shrubby Berberide@, and the num- 
ber of floral envelopes with the herbaceous plants of the same family, and in both 
. particulars 
