Tiliaceié?) © \THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS. 103 
so are those of S. Balanghas, urens, and fetida, after being roasted, in India. The 
concrete oil, or buttery substance, called cacao, accompanied by an agreeable aromatic 
principle, yielded by the seed of Theobroma cacao, and from which chocolate is pre- 
pared, is too wéll known to require notice ; but it is not uninteresting to remark, that 
this plant thrives and bears fruit in the Botanic Garden of Calcutta, nearly in 225° of 
N. latitude, and that it succeeds: remarkably well at Courtallum in 9° of N. latitude. 
The: cultivation therefore may probably be undertaken with every prospect of success 
in shady places.in the Tinniyelly district. ) 
95. TILIACER. 
_ The Ziliacee, though named from an, European timber-tree, are chiefly found in 
tropical countries. The genera Corchorus,. Triumfetta, and Grewia, of which numerous 
species are found in India, are also abundant in the warm parts both of Africa and 
America; and as has been remarked with the plants of some other families, many of 
the same species are found in the most widely separated parts of India. Grewia betule- 
folia, with Corchorus linearis and: fascicularis, extend from the Peninsula up to the arid 
région on the western bank of the Jumna, where a new species, C. prostratus, is also 
found. Corchorus capsularis and. acutangulus,. as, well, as Triumfetta angulata, are 
common, at Saharunpore, as in the’ most southern provinces. In the tract of jungle 
and forest, which: clothes the foot of the Himalaya, we have several of ‘the species 
which are found in similar situations in Bengal and Assam, as Triumfetta estuans, 
Grewia helicterifolia, titefolia, and. sapida, which is apparently the same as G. pumila, 
Don, and G. nana, Wall. Triumfetta oblongata extends as high as Jureepanee, or 
five thousand feet above the sea; and Corchorus humilis (nob) shews itself fifteen 
hundred feet higher up, but both only during the rainy season. Grewia sclerophylla, 
didyma, oppositifolia, and elastica, are found in the Kheree Pass, in the Doon, as well 
as higher up within the Himalaya, particularly in: the neighbourhood of villages. 
As we have seen with the Malvacee, and the other allied orders, so are the Tiliacee 
remarkable for mucilaginous properties, as well as for tenacity of fibre; and several 
species of the genus Grewia have pleasantly-tasted acid berries, as was found among the 
Malvacee, in the fruit. of Hibiscus. Sabdariffa. Corchorus, olitorius is in India, as in 
Egypt, used as a pot-herb, and is in Bengal cultivated:for the fibres of the bark, which 
are called jute and pat. C. capsularis is likewise cultivated in Bengal as in China, for 
the same purpose. Its. fibres, as well as those of. C. olitorius, are employed, in making 
a coarse kind of cloth, called tat, of which gunny, or rice-bags, are made; also a 
coarse kind of linen worn by the poorer people in some parts of Bengal; as we are 
informed by Dr. B. Hamilton; of it also the cordage employed in agriculture, and for 
rigging boats, is formed, and itis the material from which paper 1s made. The inner 
bark of Grewia oppositifolia, as that of Tilia, or lime-tree, is in Europe, is employed. for 
the same purposes, at lower elevations within the Himalaya; and the leaves of some 
species, 
