Simarubee.] THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS. 161 
excessive than it is, were it not for the accession of the rainy season, which in moderating 
the temperature, also fertilises the country more effectually, because more generally, 
even than the overflowing of the Nile does Egypt. There, on the drying up of the inun- 
dations, as in India on the cessation of the rains, wheat and barley are sown, and with 
the exception of clover and lupins, nearly the same crops are cultivated as are 
mentioned at p. 10 as constituting the cold weather crops of Northern India. These 
are in both countries gathered in about April; while, analogous to the cultivation of 
India, the winter harvest of Egypt is immediately followed by the sowing of the 
summer crops, which depend for their growth solely on irrigation, and consist of rice, 
naize, sorghum, and the other grains which are enumerated as the rain crops of 
India. | 
The arboreous vegetation of Egypt, consisting chiefly of figs, acacias, tamarisks, with the 
date and doum palms,—to which have been added Melia azedarach, Cassia Jistula, Cordia 
mya, and others,—has great resemblance to that of Northern India; while the fruit-trees 
grown in Lower Egypt are much the same, with the exception chiefly of the Chinese 
. ones that have been enumerated as growing in the open air at Saharunpore. The species 
" common to equinoctial Africa and India have been mentioned by Mr. Brown (Tuckey’s 
Congo, p..478). Some of these are found in the most northern parts of the latter. 
M. Delile has likewise given a list of the species which are common to Egypt and 
India; and at p. 6 of the present work, some additional species were mentioned common 
to these two countries, while the existence of analogous species of Farsetia, Cadaba, 
Linaria, has been adverted to in the observations on the different families. To these 
may be added species of Echinops, Pergularia, Pennisetum, Cenchrus, Trisetum, Phalaris, 
together with such species as Lycium Europaum, Indigofera paucifolia, Cassia absus, 
Carthamus oxyacantha, Microlonchus divaricatus, Franceuria crispa. A single fern is 
enumerated in the flora of Egypt, so one only is found in the neighbourhood of Delhi. | 
At the foot of the hills and in the mountains, other plants are found, which show the 
extension of the Oriental flora to the northern parts of India, as Echenais cirsioides 
and Cotula anthemoides, found in the Deyra Doon, and Carduus nutans, Lappa major, 
Jurinea? tricholepis, Gynactis sinapifolia, Carpesium abrotanoides, as well as a species 
of Pyrethrum, P. Roylei of M. De Candolle, in the Himalayas. 
_ Interesting as are these facts in-a scientific point of view, they are not less so when 
looked to with regard to their practical application. For, as we have seen a resemblance 
to the flora and cultivation of India in general on the western coast of Africa, and 
to those of its northern parts in Egypt, while both these countries have acclimated many 
of its useful productions, so it will be easy to find in it many places suited to the 
production of the different articles for which they themselves are noted; and many of 
these would be doubly valuable, as the places adapted to their growth are those which 
are the least favourable for the staple articles of Indian commerce. 
Thus, Acacia verek yielding gum Senegal ; and Pterocarpus erinaceus the African 
kino; with Elais guienensis the oil palm ; Adansonia digitata ; Parkia Africana, the Nitta 
Fs or 
