7 
Celastrinee.] THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS. 167 
Canton, and serves, with numerous others, to show the analogy in vegetation between 
the southern parts of China and India, as mentioned at p. 122 ; and with the flora of the 
latter, the jungly base of Nepal, as we have frequently seen, is almost identical ; while 
the existence of Staphylea in Japan, and at moderate elevations in the Himalayas, is an 
additional instance of their correspondence in vegetation. 
Of the Luonymee or true Celastrinee, Euonymus having almost the distribution of 
Staphylea, occurs also in the Himalayas in considerable numbers. Of the eight species 
enumerated by Dr. Wallich, seven are found to the northward of the Ganges; EL. Hamul- 
toniana, in the Beyra Doon, according to Dr.Wallich, and £.tingens, echinata, and 
vagans, at moderate elevations, as from 5,000 to 7,000 feet. Z. pendula, Wall., consi- 
dered by some botanists fo be identical with EZ. Japonica, is found in similar localities; 
but E, frigida and fimbriata decur only on such localities as Choor and Urukta, at 
about 8,000 feet of elevation. £. (lacerus, Don) grandiflora, Wall. Pl. As. Rar. t. 254, 
is found in Nepal and Kemaon, and E.? theefolia on Chirraponjee. Other species are 
found on the other mountains of Silhet, and two on those of the Peninsula. This is 
another of the genera, which shows the analogy in vegetation between Japan and parts 
of China with the Himalayas. 
- The species of Ce/astrus found in warm parts of the world, occur also in India, in the 
Peninsula, and along the foot of hills. The Nepal species, C. dependens, rufa, stylosa, 
and neglecta, are probably found in valleys, as I have never seen any of the species: in 
other situations. C. nutans occurs in the Deyra Doon and Kheree Pass, and C. Royleanus, 
in the latter, and near the Suen Range. To these, another species, C. spinosus\nob. 
Te.Zined. t. 7 3, may he added from similar localities. With C. nutans is also found in 
the Deyra Doon Elaodendron (Nerija, Roxb.) dichotomum, both of which also occur in 
the most southern parts of India. In addition to these, Dr.Wallich has formed two 
new genera: Kurrimia, allied to Maytenus, and Microtropis, of Dr. Roxburgh’s Euony- 
mus garcinifolia; but neither of these extend further north than Silhet. 
Of the Llicinee,—placed here by M. De Candolle, but considered by M. Brongniart 
more allied to Ebenaceé, among the Monopetalee,—species of the genus from which the 
order has been named exist. in most parts of the world in mountainous and cool situ- 
ations; so J/er dipyrena is common at, Mussooree, and every where in the Himalayas, 
bearing very close resemblance to the common holly, especially when covered with its 
clusters of scarlet berries in November and December. J. excelsa, Wall. N.4328,—which © 
has, however, been also referred to Cassine and to Prinos,—is, also found in Nepal and | 
Kemaon ; and at Mussooree another lofty species, J. serrata, nob. 
The properties of the plants of Celastrinee have not been much investigated, but an 
acrid principle has been detected, which acts with more or less activity in difterent 
species; and the seeds of several yield oil, which is used for burning. That of Celastrus 
nutans is said, in India, to be of a stimulant nature, and used in medicine. The bark 
of Ewonymus tingens is in the inside of a beautiful light yellow colour, similar to that of 
‘some of the nearly allied genus Rhamnus ; it is used to mark the tka on the forehead of 
Hindoos ; 
