Rosacea. THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS. 203 
the northern hemisphere, yet the southern is not without them, as a Gewm is found in 
the last-mentioned straits; a Fragaria and Rubus in the Andes and Peru; a Crategus 
and Potentilla in Chili; and though not to the south of the line, a Geum, Rubus, and 
Amygdalus, in Mexico; and a Cerasus in the West-Indies, appearing to indicate that 
where any similarity of climate exists, representatives of genera and families may be 
found, of which the greater numbers exist in very distant regions. 
With respect to species which, independent of those yielding the well-known fruits, 
are common to these mountains, and other parts of the world, Pyrus baccata may be 
mentioned, which, common in Siberia, was procured by Dr. Wallich from Kemaon, and 
found by myself on Kedarkanta. Of the Spireas, one is near, if not identical with, 
S. callosa, of Thunb.; S. chamedrifolia, Linn. and S. Kamtschatika, Pall., allied to 
S. Ulmaria, found in Siberia, are also so in these mountains. S. triternata approaches 
S. Aruncus, and S. Lindleyana is like 8. sorbifolia. Agrimonia Nepalensis resembles 
A. Eupatorium. The Potentillas are thirty-one in number: of these twenty-one are 
in Dr.Wallich’s, and twenty-three in the author’s collection; of the latter six are new, 
(P. insignis and Candolleana, nob., with those figured Tab. 40 and 41) and three are 
Siberian species. Many are highly ornamental, as may be seen by those already intro- 
duced, as well as by those figured in the present work, which would succeed equally 
well in England. P. cathaclines, multifida, and bifurca, are the three Siberian species 
found in Kunawur. Sibbaldia procumbens is common to Europe, Siberia, America, and 
the Himalayas. , : 
Nothing ‘can be more ornamental than the double white rose of Northern India and 
the Deyra Doon, R. Lyellii, kooza of the natives; nor than R. Brunonis, allied to 
R. moschata, Linn., common in the valleys, or the banks of streams within the 
mountains, ascending to the tops of lofty trees, especially alders, and hanging down in 
elegant racemes. On more lofty and drier situations, as the passes of Kunawur, R. Web- 
biana, allied to the Scotch rose, is common ; R. macrophylla is the most common species 
on the southern face of the mountains; but on Choor, Urrukta, and such situations, 
R. sericea, Lindl. (R. tetrapetala, nob., p. 23), is remarkable in always having four (as 
P. Tormentilla among the Potentillas) instead of five, the usual number of petals. In 
the plains, though so extensively cultivated, no species of rose appears to be indigenous. 
R. Damascena, goolab and sud-burg of the natives, wurd of the Arabs, is that most highly 
esteemed, and cultivated in Northern India for making rose-water, and the atter of 
roses. The latter is, however, only extensively distilled at Ghazipore, probably from 
this species, as it is in Persia; though it is difficult to ascertain whether the same species 
be cultivated for these purposes in Cashmere. Some of the species of Rubus, as in 
Europe, ripen their fruit early in the season, and éthers towards autumn. R. fruticosus 
is foundin Cashmere. AR. rotundifolius, zurd-anchoo of the Hill-people, affords a grateful 
fruit in April and May, but R. lasiocarpus, kul-anchoo, not until the rains. AR. —_ 
comes the nearest to the raspberry, and is not found except on lofty mountains, as 
Dhunoultee, Choor, and Kedarkanta. In addition to these, a species of strawberry, 
2p2 Fragaria 
