Tamariscinee.] THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS. 213 
The species which extend furthest north are, Lagerstremia Regine and parviflora, 
Grislea tomentosa and Ammania rotundifolia, at the foot of the hills in the Deyra Doon. 
Ammania octandra and vesicatoria, are found at Saharunpore in the rainy season : and 
further south, .A. indica, multifida and pentandra. 
Astringency is the property remarked in many of the Lythraria, and is that ascribed 
in India to the flowers of Grislea tomentosa (Lythrum? Hunteri) called dhaee, of which 
the bright red flowers, somewhat resembling those of a Fuchsia, are used in dyeing ; | the 
leaves of Lawsonia inermis, much cultivated on the north of the Jumna, hinna of the 
Arabs, mhendee of the Hindoos, is used with catechu in India, as every where in the 
Oriental region, by the women in staining their fingers of an orange hue, The leaves of 
Ammania vesicatoria are so acrid, that it frequently receives from the natives the same 
name, soorujhal, as Ranunculus sceleratus ; it is used in rapidly raising blisters. 
Lythrum Cashmerianum ; foliis oppositis lanceolatis basi cordatis sessilibus apice subalternantibus 
marginibus venisque brevissime pilosis, floribus breve pedunculatis 3-5 in axillis bractearum fasciculatis. 
Tab. 44. tig. 1.—(a.) Flower ;—(0-) the same seen from below ;—(e.) opened ;—(d.) capsule ;—(¢.) cut 
transversely ;—(f.) vertically ;—(.) a seed, 
Hab. Shores of the lake of Cashmere. 
72. TAMARISCINEE. 
This order, composed of the genus Tamarix, and a few genera which have been sepa- 
rated from it, is placed here by M. De Candolle, on account of being allied to Lythrarie 
and Onagraria, and is referred by Dr. Lindley to the neighbourhood of Frankemacee, 
near which its hypogynous stamens ought to place it. 9 | 
The plants of the genus Tamarix are distributed over a wide extent of territory in the 
Old World, from 10° to 50° and 55° of. N. latitude in Europe and Siberia, and from 
the Canaries and Senegambia on the west, to China on the east: they differ as much 
‘n their localities as in their latitudes, being found on the shores of the ocean, or 
the banks of rivers, as the Ganges and Nile, as well inthe arid and sandy. parts of 
Northern India and the Punjab, as in the cold and elevated climates of Tibet and 
Siberia; but in these the soil is saline. The genus Myricaria, existing in Europe, 
Siberia and Dahuria, is found also in Kunawur, and the elevated country crossed by 
~ Mr. Moorcroft in his journey to Manasarowur. | | 
~ Respecting the distribution of the species of Tamarix there is yet some uncertainty. 
Dr. Roxburgh has described two as common in India, 7. indica and dioica ; the 
former, found on the banks of the Ganges, Jumna, and other rivers, as well as the 
coast of Coromandel, has been referred by some authors to 7. gallica, with which it is, 
no doubt, closely allied ; and if identical, an additional instance of the great extent over 
which a species may spread when growing in the vicinity of water. 7. dioica, to which 
the same name jhuo is applied, is most common in Northern India on the banks of rivers; 
and 7. Furas, Ham., in the drier parts of the Doab, and in the neighbourhood of Delhi. 
This species is closely allied to 7. articulata, Vahl, as I have ascertained, by comparison 
with specimens collected by M. Bové, in Egypt. It is the T. orientalis of Forskal, 
found 
