234 ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BOTANY OF [ Cornece. 
greater value. This plant, produced in the mountains of Chinese Tatary, between 39° 
and 47°, was recognized from the description in Canada and Virginia, whence it is now 
exported to China. Subsequently the same plant, or a species so closely allied to it, 
that Dr.Wallich has called it Panax pseudo-Ginseng (P|. As. Rar. t. 137), was discovered 
by him on Sheopore, at an elevation of 9,000 to 10,000 feet : an additional instance of 
the existence of similar plants in the mountains of China, North America, and the 
Himalayas. Though the Ginseng is of little value as a medicine, being chiefly composed 
of gum and starch; yet asit is highly esteemed, and always in demand in China, it might 
be desirable to introduce its cultivation into Nepal, and the British portion of the 
Himalayas, for export to China. Aralia nudicaulis is used in North America as a substitute 
for sarsaparilla; and A. racemosa and umbellifera, the latter exuding a gum resin, are 
also admitted into the American Materia Medica. The ivy, formerly more used than in 
the present day, is still retained in the Indian Materia Medica, though the hukeems 
do not know that the article is so much within their reach: it is one of the kinds of lublab, 
to which kussoos (evidently suc00g Diosc.) is assigned as the Greek name. It exudes a 
gum resin or peculiar principle, called Hederine, and the leaves are irritating. 
2 4S SF te 
89. HAMAMELIDEZ. 
The small order of Hamamelidee, composed of few genera, and these of but few 
species, is remarkable especially for their extensive distribution. Of the genus Hama- 
melis, one species is found in China, a second in Peru, and the third in North America. 
The only species of the new genus Bucklandia (Wall. Cat. N. 7414) referred here by 
Mr. Brown, is from Silhet, whence were procured the organic remains first discovered 
in India: much to the northward of those described by Dr. Buckland from the- banks 
of the Irrawadi. 
90. CORNEA. 
This small order, of which the principal genus has hitherto been placed with Hedera 
as a section of Caprifoliacee, is by M. De Candolle separated from it, and formed into a 
small order, of which Cornus is the principal genus. This, found in the colder parts of 
the northern hemisphere, comes as far south as Mexico, in America, and from Europe 
into Asia as far south as Silhet, along the Himalayan mountains. The species peculiar 
to these occur along the whole range, as they were procured by Dr.Wallich from 
Silhet and Nepal,and by myself in Sirmore.. Cornus oblonga is found at the lowest eleva- 
tions, being common in the Deyra Doon, and C. macrophylla, with C. nervosa, nob., at 
Mussooree, and similar heights. At such, and still higher elevations, is also found 
| Benthamia fragifera, Lindl. (Cornus capitata, Wall.), which has been introduced into, 
and is likely to succeed in England, (Hort. Trans. 2d Series, vol. 1), where C. macro- 
phylla would also be a desirable acquisition. 
Though the fruit of Cornus is little valued, that of Benthamia is eaten in the hills, 
and the wood of both genera is esteemed, as is that of the first in Europe for its hardness 
and 
