Jasminee.] THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS, 267 
is said to be procured from a tree of Khorasan, perhaps a species of this very genus: 
2d, Toorunjbeen, the produce of Alhagi Maurorum, v. p. 194: 3d, Guzunjbeen, ofa 
Tamarisk, p. 214: and 4th, shukhr-ool-ashur, produced on Calotropis procera, or a 
kindred species (v. Asclepiadee) ; and Sthly, one kind is mentioned as being obtained on 
an umbelliferous plant. 
But the Olive alone is of much importance, and this so much so, as to have been called 
by one author, ‘‘a mine upon earth ;” it is remarkable, too, for a pecflliarity adverted 
to when treating of the Melias (p. 143), for containing oil in the fleshy part of its 
pericarp, instead of, as is usual, in the kernels of the seeds. Like the Manna ash it 
flourishes only in the warm and even arid parts of the world, as the South of Spain and 
of France, in Sicily, Syria, and the North of Africa; or as the Baron Humboldt has 
stated it, ‘* the olive flourishes between the parallels of 36° and 44°, wherever the 
annual temperature is from 62°.6 to 58°.1, where the mean temperature of the coldest 
month is not below from 41° to 42°.8, and that of the whole summer from 71°.6 to 
73°.4.” But as from the recent travels of Mr. Bové, we learn that the olive thrives 
successfully in Egypt, it is evident that it is capable of bearing a still greater degree 
of heat, and yet yielding a profitable crop; for Delile states, as already quoted at 
p. 163, ‘ les vignes, les olives et les roses, contribuent a la richesse de Fayoume,” 
which is nearly in the latitude of Cairo, and the mean annual temperature of Cairo is 
73°.3, that of summer 85°.10, and of winter 58°.46. It is probable, therefore, that the 
olive might be successfully cultivated in the north of India, which corresponds with 
Cairo in latitude, agrees in many respects with Egypt in climate and vegetation (v. p. 
159—161), and where, by ascending the mountain-side, any degree of temperature may 
be obtained for varying and insuring success in our experiments. Besides, the olive 
appears to have been originally introduced from Asia into Europe, and is well-known 
to the Arabs and Persians by the name zuetoon, derived apparently from the Hebrew 
zait (Harris’s Dict.). It has grown for many years in the open air in the Calcutta 
Botanic Garden, so far south as to be just within the tropic. 
Olea ferruginea ; foliis coriaceis lanceolatis mucronatis subtus ferrugineis, ramis rotundatis cinereis, 
racemis axillaribus paniculatis multifloris—O. ewspidata, Wall. Cat. n. 2817. Tab. 65. fig. 1. (a) corol 
opened ; (b) calyx and bifid stigma ; (c) drupes; (d) one transversely, and (e) longitudinally divided ; 
(f g) seed transversely and longitudinally divided. | ; | 
Hab. Banks of Jumna and of Sutlej, near Turanda.Dr. Wallich’s query (0. sativa ?) having induced 
me to think that his plant must be distinct from mine, I regret the plate having been struck off before 
I discovered that they were the same, 
Syringa Emodi; (Wall. Cat. n. 2831) frutescens; foliis latis oblongis utrinque attenuatis apice 
quandoque obtusis reticulato-venosis junioribus subtus albescentibus.—Tab. 65. fig. 2, (a) corol opened ; 
(6) calyx and bifid stigma; (c) capsule; (f) seed seen in front; (e) laterally. 
Hab. Kemaon versus Himalayanum. Wall, Suen and Kedarkanta above the Giree and Jumna rivers. 
111. JASMINE#. 
The plants of this family were formerly united with those of the preceding, but 
have been separated by Mr.Brown and form a very natural group, distinguished, among 
2m 2 other 
* 
