Solanee. | THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS. 283 
N. persica, of Dr. Lindley, affording the fine Shiraz Tobacco, is supposed to be so in 
Persia and N. chinensis, in China. 
The species most generally cultivated is NV. Tabacum. The seeds of N. repanda, 
Bot. Mag., t. 2484, were given to Mr. G. Don, as that of the species from which the 
small Havannah Cigars are manufactured ; but smokers find little difference in flavour 
between these and the larger kind. N. multivalvis, Bot. Reg. t. 105, is cultivated by 
thé Indians who inhabit thé banks of the Columbia, while those of the rocky mountains 
and of the banks of the Missouri, prepare their Tobacco from N. quadrivalvis, Bot. Mag. 
t. 1778, and N. nana, Bot. Reg. t. 883, which are allied to the former. N. rustica is 
chiefly cultivated in Western Africa (Mr. G. Don), as well as in Egypt, according to 
Mr. J. Bennet, from specimens brought by Mr. Wilkinson. Mr. D. Don informs me 
that it also affords the Tobacco of Salonica (the ancient Thessalonica); probably also 
that of Latakkia (Laodicea), which is so much esteemed. It is also cultivated in the 
north of Germany, Russia, and Sweden ; according to Mr. Loudon, with N. Tabacum, 
near Utrecht and Guelders; and a variety of it in Ireland. From Parkinson we learn, 
that it was the kind preferred by Sir W. Raleigh. 
In taking a view of the climate suited to the cultivation of any of these species, 
nothing so much excites astonishment as to find a plant, which with rice, sugar, cocoa, 
coffee, and cotton, attains great perfection in tropical regions, also successfully culti-, 
vated in the northern climates of Sweden and Scotland. This is owing to its being a 
plant requiring only a few months to bring it to perfection, and therefore finding the 
summer temperature of many countries suffice for its cultivation ; but it is still remark- 
able to find Tobacco cultivated with equal success in Cumana and in Maryland, 
The cultivation of Tobacco in North America for foreign commerce, is chiefly carried 
on in Virginia and Maryland, or almost from 35° to 40° of northern latitude. The 
climate of America, as we have seen when treating of the cultivation of Tea, p- 113, 
is like that of China, subject to great vicissitudes between winter and summer, but the 
latter only being that with which we have any concern in the cultivation of an annual 
plant, it is sufficient to mention, that according to the illustrious Humboldt, the mean 
temperature of Williamsbourg in N. lat. 38° 8’ is 58°, and of Philadelphia in N. lat. 
39° 56’ is 54°, and the mean temperature of summer in the latter, 73°.94. The other 
places which are celebrated for their Tobacco, are Havannah, lat. 23° 10’, mean 
temperature of year, 78°.08 ; of summer, 83°.3: Vera Cruz, lat. 19° 11’ M.T. 78°.08 ; 
and Cumana, lat. 10° 27’ M.T. 81°.86; S.T. 83°.7. But as these much exceed the 
summer temperature of northern places where it is grown, as of Stockholm, 61 00. 
Dublin, 59°.54; Edinburgh, 58°.28 ; it will be necessary to inquire, whether there are 
any peculiarities of climate in the places where Tobacco is actually grown. But here 
we shall meet with considerable difficulties in ascertaining what are all the deside- 
rata with respect to the successful cultivation of Tobacco, as almost of every other 
plant; for colonial cultivators in the accounts which they have published, so seldom give 
climate in which their experiments have been made, that we 
any good account of the 
2.9, % find 
