- Bignoniacee.) THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS. 295 
and Incarvillea. The Bignoniacee are found only in tropical parts of the world, 
extending north to Pennsylvania and the north of China, and south to Chili, the Cape 
of Good Hope, and New Holland. In India they are found in every part. Dr. 
Wallich’s new genus, Trigonocarpus, is confined to the Burmese coast, Schrebera to the 
south of India, and Wightia gigantea, Wall. Pl. As. Rar. t. 81, is found only in Nepal. 
Bignonia, indigenous in the tropical parts of America and Africa, and Spathodea also in 
New Holland, are found chiefly in the southern parts of India; but species of the 
former, as B. indica and suaveolens, extend to the most northern parts, as the Kheree 
forest. B. undulata also extends far north; I have seen it very abundant on the point 
of junction of the Chumbul with the Jumna. The genus Jncarvillea, which supplies the 
place of Eccremocarpus in the Old World, found hitherto only in China and Japan, has 
also (at least the subgenus Amphicome) been discovered in the Himalayas, where Dr. 
Wallich’s J. Emodi was found, near Srinuggur, and by myself on the Suen range. 
An additional species, J. (Amphicome) arguta, Tab. 70, f.2, was discovered by M. 
Jacquemont in the valley of the Buspa, and by my plant collectors near Turanda, 
in Kunawur. 
The Bignoniacee are chiefly remarkable for their trees when in flower, being clothed 
in the gorgeous colouring which in temperate climates is the characteristic of more 
humble plants. The leaves of one species, Bignonia Chica, yield a red colouring 
substance known by that name, and several of the Brazilian species afford timber 
valuable for its hardness, durability, and even elasticity, so that they are employed in 
ship-building, and even for making bows. (v. Lindley. Nat. Orders, p. 237.) I know 
not the properties of the timber of the Indian species, but it is large, and worthy of 
inquiry. The bark and capsules of Bignonia indica are described by the natives as 
being astringent, and used in tanning; as is B. suaveolens: ‘‘ the pleasant-tasted and 
fragrant flowers of B. chelonoides” (an B. suaveolens?) are described by Sir W. Ainshie 
as being employed in making a cooling drink in fevers. 
Having, in examining the Himalayan species of Jncarvillea, observed some appear- 
ances not mentioned in, or at variance with, the descriptions of that genus by Jussieu 
and Lamarck, I was induced to ask the opinion of the highest authority on the subject, 
and Mr. Brown has been good enough to favour me with his opinion, that the Hima- 
layan species are too closely allied to be separated into a genus distinct from the 
Chinese Jncarvillea, but are yet sufficiently distinguished to constitute a subgenus: he 
has been good enough to enrich my work with the character of this, and an amendment 
of that of the genus Jncarvillea. 
INncARVILLEA. Juss. gen. 138. 
“ Caly« 5-dentatus, nunc 10-dentatus, alternis (accessoriis) membranaceis. 
Corolla fauce ventricosa; limbo 5-lobo inzequali. 
‘Stamina antherifera quatuor, didynama inclusa, Anthere lobis distinctis apice convergentibus, 
singulis infra apicem processu subulato munitis! 
Stigma bilamellosum. 
Capsula siliqueeformis, bilocularis, bivalvis ; septo contrario libero intra marginem semenifero. 
Semina suspensa (v. membranaceo-marginata vy. comosa), radicula supera. 
Herbee 
