Acanthacee. THE HIMALAYAN MOUNTAINS. . 297 
species, fully bears out the resemblance which we have seen that the Flora of India 
bears to that of some other countries. Thus, taking the genera as they were until 
lately circumscribed, we find, as stated by Mr, Brown, Congo., p. 450, that all the 
genera found on the western coast of Africa, exist also in India; as Nelsonia, Adenosma, 
Elytraria, Lepidagathis, Justicia, Hypoestes, Atheilema, and Blepharis. Of these, the 
three last occur also in Arabia, with Ruellia, Barleria, Justicia, and Dicliptera. The 
last-mentioned genera are moreover found at the Cape of Good Hope, with Thunbergia, 
Acanthus, Blepharis, and Hypoestes: the last also in New Holland, with, chiefly in the 
tropical parts, species of Nelsonia, Adenosma, Hygrophila, Justicia, Eranthemum, 
Ruellia, and Dilivaria. Many of these Indian genera, and also some of the same 
species are found in the islands of the Indian Archipelago, whence they extend north- ° 
wards along the Malayan Peninsula, and from Cochin-China into China, and a few 
into Japan. Being a tropical family, we find here, as in many others, several genera, 
common to the Old and New Worlds; as Thunbergia, Barleria, Lepidagathis, theilema, 
Eranthemum, Dicliptera, Ruellia, and Elytraria : to these may be added, Professor Nees 
Von Esenbeck’s new genera E bermaiera, Leptostachya, Gendarussa, and even Blechum, Juss. 
of which, though hitherto supposed to be confined to America, this celebrated botanist 
states having seen a species from the island of Luzon. With the exception of the 
last, all these genera are found in India, with Crossandra; a true species of Acanthus 
has been added by Dr. Wallich from Silhet. 
Such were the names and number of the genera of Indian Acanthacea, when they 
were subjected to an elaborate examination by Professor Nees Von Esenbeck, the 
results of which are published in an admirable monograph in the third volume of Dr. 
Wallich’s Plante Asiat. Rar., p. 70-117. In this the Indian Acanthacee are divided 
into the three tribes of Thunbergiee, Nelsoniee, and Echmatacanthi, including all those 
with hooked retinacula. The first tribe contains the genera Thunbergia, Meyenia, 
and Hexacentris ; and the second, Llytraria, Nelsonia, Adenosma; Ebermaiera, and 
Erythracanthus. The third tribe is subdivided into the sub-tribes of —1. HycropuiLea, 
containing the genera Hemiadelphis and Hygrophila. 2. Rur..iz#, containing Dys- 
choriste, Dipteracanthus, Petalidium, Ruellia, Phiebophyllum, Buterea, Adenacanthus, 
Stenosiphonium, Strobilanthes, A:chmanthera, Goldfussia, Asystasia, Echinacanthus, and 
Leptacanthus. 3. Barteriea—Asteracantha, Barleria, theilema, Lepidagathis, 
Neuracanthus, Blepharis, Acanthus, and Dilivaria. 5. J usTIc1E&—Crossandra, Endo- 
— pogon, Loxanthus, Phlogacanthus, Cryptophragmium, Rostellaria, Hemichoriste, Grapto- 
phyllum, Adhatoda, Gendarussa, Leptostachya, Gymnostachyum, Eranthemum, Justicia, 
and Rhinacanthus. 6. DicLipTERE&—Rungia, Dicliptera, Peristrophe, Hypoestes, and 
Raphidospora. 7. ANDROGRAPH 1pEz—Erianthera, Haplanthus, and Andrographis. 
Many of these genera are peculiar ta India, especially its southern parts, or common 
to these, the Malayan Peninsula, and Indian Archipelago. From the forests of Silhet 
a few extend to Nepal, and thence as far north as the banks of the Sutlej. Some - 
penetrate from the longitudinal into the transverse vallies of the Himalaya, even in the 
2a most 
