HYPOCRELLA AND ASCHERSONIA. 211 



but in some pycnidia they are only 5 X 1*5{jl ; this reduction in 

 size is probably to be associated with the age of the stroma. 

 Aschersonia sclerotioides P. Henn., on Castilloa elastica, Java, 

 type in Herb. BerUn, is associated with Lecanium olese ; the 

 stromata are two-thirds globose, smooth, vertically furrowed 

 towards the base, up to 3 mm. in diameter and 2*5 mm. high, 

 slate-coloured, with nximerous pycnidia situated near the base ; 

 the pycnospores are narrow-oval, 6-8 x 1 • 5-1 • 75 ^ ; none of the 

 other gatherings under this name in Herb. Berlin are this species ; 

 the specimens from East Africa, on Moms indica and Mimosa 

 sensitiva, Amani, and on Acacia Lebbek, Ngamba, are the Ascher- 

 sonia stage of Hypocrella olivacea. Puttemans 788, included 

 under ^. sclerotioides in Herb. Berlin, is Hypocrella cavernosa, while 

 " C. F. Baker, 222 b, Para,Brazil," in the same cover in Herb. Berlin 

 is Aschersonia cubensis. Aschersonia pisiformis Pat., " sur des 

 ooccides parasites des feuilles de cocotier, Tahiti. Leg. Seurat," 

 is represented in Herb. Paris and Herb. Patouillard ; it is on a 

 Lecanium ; the specimens are blackened, but from one example 

 they were apparently clay-coloured or buff when young ; the 

 stromata in some cases do not completely enclose the scale, but 

 leave a margin which is only slightly covered by the fungus ; 

 hence the " inferne marginato' of the original description, which 

 is an accidental feature ; some of the stromata are rough. 



Specimens in Herb. Peradeniya include the following : — On 

 Lecanium marsupiale, Ceylon, and C. A. Barber No. 974, India ; 

 on Lecanium olese on Allophylus zeylanicus, Ceylon ; on Lecanium 

 nigrum on Hevea, Ceylon (several collections) ; on Lecanium sp. 

 on Amomum, Ceylon ; on Calophyllum Walkeri (Parkin, pp. 39, 

 40) ; on Lecanium tessellatum on Litsea zeylanica ; on Citrus ; on 

 Lecanium sp. on Oarcinia ; on Lecayiium on Gelonium lanceolatum 

 (Parkin's species, p. 40) ; on Lecanium on Tdbernsemontana ; on 

 Lecanium on Nutmeg ; on Lecanium hemisphsericum on Jacquinia 

 aristata ; on Lecanium psidii on Nutmeg (Parkin B. 1, p. 39) ; on 

 Lecanium on Samadera indica ; on Lecanium on Loranthus. 



Hypocrella melsetia Syd., co-type ex Bureau of Science, Manila, 

 examined, contains old, black specimens, flatter than usual ; they 

 yield a yellow-brown extract with potash, but are too smooth for 

 H. olivacea, to which one might be inclined, in the present state 

 of the specimens, to refer them. 



Specimens from Japan and Formosa recorded by Miyabe and , 



Sawada as Aschersonia marginata are this species. One collection -^ 



on Psidium Guayava, Giran, Formosa, Feb. 29, 1908, was said to 

 be on Parlatorla zizyphi Lucas, but there is also a Lecanium 

 present. Another collection, on Citrus nobilis, Kagoshima, j 

 Kiusiu, Japan, May, 1903, is also said to be on Parlatoria. 



The colour with potash is variable ; some specimens are tinged 

 purple, others are not coloiired. In old specimens the stroma 

 may ttirn yellow-brown round the perithecia and yield a yellow- 

 brown extract. In one gathering none of the stromata yield any 

 extract with potash, except one old specimen, over-run with 

 Meliola, which gives a vi^-id violet colour. In a large number of 

 Ceylon gatherings the hyj^iha) are filled with a deep yellow plasma. 



