HYPOCRELLA AND ASCHERSONIA. 245 



Aschersonia australiensis resembles the pulvinate forms of A. 

 placenta, but has smaller spores ; fxirther examples of A. austra- 

 liensis might prove them identical. 



The hypothalliis is a variable featiire. In extreme cases it 

 forms a broad, thin film, extending irregularly, and sometimes 

 fusing with those of adjacent stromata, but in many collections 

 there is no sign of a hypothallus. 



Berkeley and Broome's type specimen, on Loranthus, in Herb. 

 Kew and Herb. Peradeniya, contains circular flattened specimens 

 up to 6 mm. in diameter. Part of the same gathering is in Herb. 

 Paris. The specimen from Marquesas mentioned by Berkeley 

 and Broome is Hypoorella Mollii. A Brazilian specimen included 

 under A. placenta at Kew, labelled " Hypocrea, Biazil," by 

 Cooke, is not this species. The type of Aschersonia novo-guineen- 

 sis, on Ficus sp., New Guinea, in Herb. Berlin, contains minute 

 examples, white or yellowish, oval, flattened pulvinate, about 

 1'5 X 1 mm., or circular and convex-pulvinate, about 1 mm. 

 diameter, sometimes furnished with a thin hyiiothallus ; the 

 pycnidia are circularly arranged and numerous in the oval forms, 

 but few and scattered in the circular forms ; the paraphyses are 

 60-80 \j, long, and the spores measure 10-14 x l"5-2 (jl ; this 

 form has been gathered in Ceylon. The type of Aschersonia 

 javanica from Java, kindly lent me by Professor Penzig, 

 is in poor condition ; the leaf bore tliree specimens, one quite 

 immature and merely the initial stages of a stroma, another 

 discoid, circular, flattened, 1 mm. diameter with a hypothallus 

 O'l mm. wide, in which the pycnidia were apparently un- 

 developed, and a third 1 mm. diameter, irregularly pulvinate, 

 surrounded by a hypothallus 0*2 mm. wide, with three scattered 

 pycnidial orifices ; the last-named matches several Ceylon 

 specimens of A. placenta. 



The type of A. lecanioides, on Mangifera indica, from Java, in 

 Herb. Berlin, contains pulvinate specimens up to 1*75 mm. 

 tlaick in the centre, and 5 mm. diameter, including a fibrillose 

 hypothallus, 1-1 "5 mm. wide. The pycnidia are scattered, and 

 the stromata have a ring of developing perithecia round the 

 base and on the hypothallus ; the spores and paraphyses agree 

 with those of A. placenta. Another gathering, in Herb. Berlin, 

 on Mangifera laurina, Buitenzorg, Java, collected by Volkens, 

 contains exactly similar specimens, as well as the typical, flattened- 

 pulvinate form of A. placenta. Koorders has recorded another 

 collection of A. lecanioides from Java, on Mangifera indica ; this 

 is in Herb, Berlin, but practically notliing is left of it. 



Parkin's specimens A 1, on a black Aleyrodes on Andropogon 

 muricatus ; A 2, on a black Aleyrodes on Hedyotis verticillaris ; 

 and A 4, on a pale Aleyrodes on Memecylon capitellatum, are 

 Aschersonia placenta. From Herb. Pusa. I have examined 

 specimens on Morns indica, Manipur, Assam ; on an unknown 

 leaf, Mussoorie ; and on Aleyrodes on Citrus medica, Ashkoti. 

 Kumaon. It is exceptionally abundant in iip-country districts 



