II PARKES i i \<:r PARASITIC 



however, the fungus will probably not be able to keep down 

 the scale wit hour the aid of artificial insecticides as well. 

 Gossard* follows with a paper containing observations 

 and experiments wirh this fungus on the San Jose scale in 

 Florida. Ee says it has developed so vigorously in some 

 localities as to render insecticides unnecessary. It is 

 believed that at least during warm rainy weather the fungus 

 is quite capable of keeping the insect in check. A point to 

 be noticed is that kerosine and such like insecticides not 

 only destroy the scale but its fungous parasite as well, while 

 fumigation with hydrocyanic acid does not affect the latter. 

 The same authorf about a year later refers to the natural 

 enemies of the white fly (Almrodes citri), including As- 

 chersonia aleurodis and the brown sterile fungus, originally 

 brought to notice by Webber. Such are in brief the obser- 

 vations and experiments that have been made in the United 

 States on fungi parasitic on scale-insects. The various 

 publications demand close study from those who are 

 interested in the economic aspect of the subject. 



In Natal Microcera coccophila (ascus-stage Spkcerostilbe 



cophila) has been observed by Fuller J to be common 

 on the red scale (Aspidiotus aurantii). In a wet summer, 

 he says, it makes much headway against the coccid. 



Quite recently McAlpine§ has described species of 

 Microcera on scale-insects in Australia. He hopes to conduct 

 inoculating experiments with those. 



A different type of fungous parasite to the above was 

 observed by Zimmermann in .lava in 1897 on the green bug 

 (Lecanium viride), one of the most dangerous enemies of 

 the coffee shrub. In the following year he published a 

 shoti paperf for the benefit of the Java planters, pointing 



• Gossard, Florida Lgric. Exp. Station Bull 61,1899. 



t Gossard, Florida do. do 67, 1908. 



i Poller, 1st. Reporl of Govt. Entomologist, Dept. Agrio. Natal, l'.tOl. 

 p. 99. 



§ HoAipini i Dep. Agric: Victoria, rol. II.. Pi 7. 1904, p. H4fi. 



|| Ziminermnnn. Over eene Sohimmel epidemie der Groene Luizen, 

 Buitenzorg, Java 



