UPON SCALE-INSECTS. 21 



colour of its perithecia and slightly in details connected 

 with its conidial stage. It seems, however, identical in 

 every way with the common Ceylon scale-Nectria. The 

 Java examples were found on M/jtilaspis, sp., on Goffen 

 arabica and on Parlatoria zizyphi on Citrus, Buitenzorg. 



1.— Ceylon specimens considered identical with Nectria 

 coccidophthora, Zimrn. 



Conidial, stage (Fusarium) fig. 6. 



Several bright orange-red club-shaped or columnar bodies 

 appear standing up around the rim of the scale. Each con- 

 sists of a short stout stalk and a conspicuous waxy -looking 

 head (figs. 7 and 9). Sometimes the stalk is almost sup- 

 pressed. It consists of hyphse massed together, and is all 

 that can be regarded as stroma. The head is composed of 

 conidia and the special hypha? (conidiophores) which bear 

 them, arranged parallel to one another. The conidia arc all 

 held together in a compact mass by soluble mucilaginous 

 matter. On treatment with water the head rapidly swells, 

 releasing the conidia which float away (fig. 10). 



Since the word stroma is sometimes employed loosely, it 

 is well to be clear as to its meaning here. A lax irregular 

 arrangement of hyphae is termed a mycelium. Fructifica- 

 tions, i.e., special spore-producing structures, may be borne 

 directly on the mycelium ; but often the hyphse first become 

 thickly massed together and much septated to form a com- 

 pact tissue often pseudoparenchymatous in structure— the 

 stroma— upon or within which the fructifications appear. 

 In the case of this Nectria little of this special compact 

 tissue or stroma is developed. It is merely represented by 

 the stalks of the conidial cushions. 



Conidiophores may occur separately or be joined together 

 into compound bodies. In this fungus they are congluti- 

 nated into a wax-like head, to which the name sporodo- 

 chium* has been applied. 



* Mussee, British Fungus Flora, vol. Ill- 1893, p. 270. 



